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1939 In Spain
Events from the year 1939 in Spain. Incumbents *President: Manuel Azaña until March 3, Francisco Franco as leader *Prime Minister: Juan NegrÃn until April 1, Francisco Franco Events *January 3 – The news agency EFE, based in Madrid, is officially founded as a limited company. *January 5-February 4: Battle of Valsequillo *January 26 - Catalonia Offensive: Nationalist forces capture Barcelona. *February 7–9 - Battle of Menorca (1939) *February 10 - Nationalists close Spanish border with France. *February 16 - the high command of the Republican army tells NegrÃn that further military resistance was impossible. *February 27 - United Kingdom and France recognized Francisco Franco's Nationalist government. *March 4–7 - Cartagena Uprising. *March 7 - Nationalist transport ship SS Castillo de Olite, SS ''Castillo de Olite'' sunk by Republican shore batteries while entering the port of Cartagena. *March 5: coup of Segismundo Casado.Thomas, Hugh 2001. p.876-878 *March 5: Nationa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manuel Azaña
Manuel Azaña DÃaz (; 10 January 1880 – 3 November 1940) was a Spanish politician who served as Prime Minister of the Second Spanish Republic (1931–1933 and 1936), organizer of the Popular Front in 1935 and the last President of the Republic (1936–1939). He was the most prominent leader of the Republican cause during the Spanish Civil War of 1936–1939. A published author in the 1910s, he stood out in the pro-Allies camp during World War I. He was sharply critical towards the Generation of '98, the reimagination of the Spanish Middle Ages, Imperial Spain and the 20th century yearnings for a praetorian refurbishment of the country. Azaña followed instead the examples of the French Enlightenment and the Third French Republic, and took a political quest for democracy in the 1920s while defending the notion of homeland as the "democratic equality of all citizens towards the law" that made him embrace republicanism. After the Proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Port Of Cartagena
The port of Cartagena ( es, Puerto de Cartagena) is the port located in Cartagena, Spain. It is the fourth nationwide port in freight traffic behind Algeciras, Valencia and Barcelona. It occupies the eighth place in relation to the number of cruises. 60% of exports and the 80% of imports from the Region of Murcia are made through the port of Cartagena. More than 40% of the tourism that Cartagena receives is made by its port. It historical importance relies on both the good harbour offered by the natural bay and its strategic location near the East–West maritime route linking the Suez Canal to the strait of Gibraltar. It was used by the Punic civilization, and then by Romans. Besides its location, it also was appreciated at the time because of the metal ore mining ( argentifourous galenas) in the surrounding mountains as well as the esparto Esparto, halfah grass, or esparto grass is a fiber produced from two species of perennial grasses of north Africa, Spain and Portugal. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1939 In Spain
Events from the year 1939 in Spain. Incumbents *President: Manuel Azaña until March 3, Francisco Franco as leader *Prime Minister: Juan NegrÃn until April 1, Francisco Franco Events *January 3 – The news agency EFE, based in Madrid, is officially founded as a limited company. *January 5-February 4: Battle of Valsequillo *January 26 - Catalonia Offensive: Nationalist forces capture Barcelona. *February 7–9 - Battle of Menorca (1939) *February 10 - Nationalists close Spanish border with France. *February 16 - the high command of the Republican army tells NegrÃn that further military resistance was impossible. *February 27 - United Kingdom and France recognized Francisco Franco's Nationalist government. *March 4–7 - Cartagena Uprising. *March 7 - Nationalist transport ship SS Castillo de Olite, SS ''Castillo de Olite'' sunk by Republican shore batteries while entering the port of Cartagena. *March 5: coup of Segismundo Casado.Thomas, Hugh 2001. p.876-878 *March 5: Nationa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish Civil War
The Spanish Civil War ( es, Guerra Civil Española)) or The Revolution ( es, La Revolución, link=no) among Nationalists, the Fourth Carlist War ( es, Cuarta Guerra Carlista, link=no) among Carlists, and The Rebellion ( es, La Rebelión, link=no) or The Uprising ( es, La Sublevación, link=no) among Republicans. was a civil war in Spain fought from 1936 to 1939 between the Republicans and the Nationalists. Republicans were loyal to the left-leaning Popular Front government of the Second Spanish Republic, and consisted of various socialist, communist, separatist, anarchist, and republican parties, some of which had opposed the government in the pre-war period. The opposing Nationalists were an alliance of Falangists, monarchists, conservatives, and traditionalists led by a military junta among whom General Francisco Franco quickly achieved a preponderant role. Due to the international political climate at the time, the war had many facets and was variously viewed as cla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Spanish Films Of The 1930s
A list of notable films produced in the cinema of Spain, ordered by year of release in the 1930s. For an alphabetical list of articles on Spanish films, see :Spanish films. 1930s See also * List of films produced in the Spanish Revolution External links Spanish film at the Internet Movie Database {{DEFAULTSORT:Spanish Films Of The 1930s Lists of 1930s films Lists of Spanish films by decade, 1930s 1930s in Spain, Films ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Etelvino Vega
Etelvino Vega MartÃnez (1906–1939) was a Spanish politician and military officer. Life In 1931, he was a member of the central committee of the Communist Party of Spain (PCE). In 1932, after the failed ''coup'' of Sanjurjo, he supported the government of the Second Spanish Republic against the will of the Comintern (he launched the slogan “Defence of the Republic"). He and the other members of the central committee were expelled from the party. He lived for some time in the Soviet Union and later he came back to Spain. After the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War, he fought with the Fifth Regiment in the Somosierra front and later in the Popular Army in the Battle of Guadalajara. After that, he led the 34th division of Heredia’s 18th Army Corps in the Battle of Teruel and the 12th Army Corps in the Battle of Ebro. In March 1939, he was appointed military commander of Alicante Alicante ( ca-valencia, Alacant) is a city and municipality in the Valencian Community, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luis Barceló
Luis Barceló Jover (1896 – 15 March 1939) was a Spanish military officer. Spanish Civil War A professional officer of the Spanish Army, he supported the Second Spanish Republic, Republican government during the Spanish Civil War. In 1936 he was a major of the Spanish army. In July 1936, he was one of the officers who set up summary courts to try the rebel officers captured after the failure of the ''Spanish coup of July 1936, coup'' in Madrid. In September 1936, he took part in the Siege of the Alcazar. Later, he joined the Communist Party of Spain and led one mixed brigade of Juan Modesto's division in the Second Battle of the Corunna Road. Later, he was promoted to colonel and in June 1937, he became one of the Republican commanders in the Segovia Offensive. In 1939, he was the commander of the I Corps of the Republican Army of the Centre. Casado coup and execution On March 5, 1939, the Colonel Segismundo Casado, an officer of the Republican Army, supported a section of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Final Offensive Of The Spanish Civil War
The final offensive of the Spanish Civil War took place between 26 March and 1 April 1939, towards the end of the Spanish Civil War. On 5 March 1939, the Republican Army, led by Colonel Segismundo Casado and the politician Julián Besteiro, rose against the socialist prime minister Juan NegrÃn, and formed a military junta, the National Defence Council (''Consejo Nacional de Defensa'' or ''CND'') to negotiate a peace deal. NegrÃn fled to France but the communist troops around Madrid rose against the junta, starting a civil war within the civil war. Casado defeated them and started peace negotiations with the Nationalists. Francisco Franco, however, was prepared to accept only an unconditional surrender. On 26 March, the Nationalists started a general offensive and by 31 March, they controlled all of Spanish territory. Hundreds of thousands of Republicans were arrested and interned in concentration camps. Background Fall of Catalonia After the fall of Catalonia in February 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Defence Council (Spain)
The National Defence Council ( es, Consejo Nacional de Defensa) was the governing body in Second Spanish Republic, Republican Spain at the end of the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939). The council seized power with Spanish coup of March 1939, Colonel Segismundo Casado’s coup on 5 March 1939 when it was clear that the Republican faction (Spanish Civil War), Republicans had lost the war. The leaders hoped to negotiate an end to hostilities with the Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War), rebel forces led by General Francisco Franco. However, Franco insisted on unconditional surrender, and on 26 March 1939 launched the final offensive of the Spanish Civil War. By the end of the month he controlled the whole country. Most of the council members escaped into exile on British warships. Background As early as May 1937, when Julián Besteiro of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party went to London to represent the Spanish Republic at the coronation of King George VI, president Manuel Azaà ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Segismundo Casado
Segismundo Casado López (10 October 1893 – 18 December 1968) was a Spanish Army officer; he served during the late Restoration, the Primo de Rivera dictatorship and the Second Spanish Republic. Following outbreak of the Spanish Civil War he sided with the Republicans, gradually rising to commander of the Army of the Centre. He is best known as leader of the coup against the government of Juan NegrÃn; its objectives were preventing a Communist takeover and terminating fratricidal bloodshed during the war, considered already lost. The rebels seized control of the Republican zone; in their quasi-government Casado served as the minister of defense. Negotiations with the Nationalists failed; Casado went on exile, first to Britain and from 1947 to Latin America, returning to Spain in 1961. Military career There is little clarity as to Casado’s parents. Himself he claimed - and this information is reproduced by the Spanish Real Academia de la Historia - that his parents, T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SS Castillo De Olite
''Castillo de Olite'' was a cargo steamship that was launched in 1920 in the Netherlands as ''Zaandijk''. She passed through a series of Dutch and Soviet owners, and at different times was renamed ''Zwartewater'', ''Postyshev'' and ''Akademik Pavlov''. In 1938 the Spanish Nationalist Navy captured her and renamed her ''Castillo de Olite''. In the last days of the Spanish Civil War she was sunk with great loss of life while serving as a troop ship. Building De Rotterdamsche Droogdok Maatschappij NV built the ship in Rotterdam, launching her on 20 November 1920 and completing her in 19 February 1921. Her registered length was , her beam was and her depth was . Her tonnages were and . She had a single screw, driven by a three-cylinder triple-expansion steam engine that was rated at 342 NHP. Career ''Zaandijk''s first owner was NV Solleveld, Van der Meer & TH van Hattum's Stoomvaart Maatschappij, who registered her in Rotterdam. Her code letters were QCVR. She traded to Java and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francisco Franco
Francisco Franco Bahamonde (; 4 December 1892 – 20 November 1975) was a Spanish general who led the Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War), Nationalist forces in overthrowing the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War and thereafter ruled over Spanish State, Spain from 1939 to 1975 as a dictator, assuming the title ''Caudillo''. This period in Spanish history, from the Nationalist victory to Franco's death, is commonly known as Francoist Spain or as the Francoist dictatorship. Born in Ferrol, Spain, Ferrol, Galicia (Spain), Galicia, into an upper-class military family, Franco served in the Spanish Army as a cadet in the Toledo Infantry Academy from 1907 to 1910. While serving in Spanish protectorate in Morocco, Morocco, he rose through the ranks to become a brigadier general in 1926 at age 33, which made him the #Military career, youngest general in all of Europe. Two years later, Franco became the director of the General Military Academy in Zaragoza. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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