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1930s In Anthropology
Timeline of anthropology, 1930–1939 Events 1934 * The ''Nihon Minzoku Gakkai'' ( Japanese institute of Ethnology) is founded 1937 *The '' Musée de l'Homme'' is founded Publications 1934 *''Patterns of Culture'', by Ruth Benedict. 1935 *''Structure and Function in Primitive Society'', by Alfred Radcliffe-Brown *''Coral Gardens and Their Magic'', by Bronislaw Malinowski 1937 *''Witchcraft, Oracles and Magic Among the Azande'', by E.E. Evans-Pritchard Births 1930 *Lewis Binford *Pierre Bourdieu *Laura Nader *Marshall Sahlins 1934 *Maurice Godelier 1935 * Roger Keesing *Barbara Myerhoff 1939 *Mary Bateson * Maurice Bloch Deaths 1930 * Jessie Walter Fewkes 1934 * Ronald Burrage Dixon *Fritz Graebner *Berthold Laufer 1935 *Walter Hough 1936 *Vladimir Bogoraz 1937 *John Napoleon Brinton Hewitt * Vladimir Jochelson *Grafton Elliot Smith 1939 *Arthur Maurice Hocart * Lucien Lévy-Bruhl * Edward Sapir See also {{DEFAULTSORT:1930-1939 In Anthropology Anthropology by decade An ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1920s In Anthropology
Timeline of anthropology, 1920–1929 Events 1922 *'' Nanook of the North is released in theatres. 1924 *''Taung child'' fossil discovered. Publications 1921 *''Language: An Introduction To The Study Of Speech'' by Edward Sapir 1922 *''Argonauts of the Western Pacific'' by Bronislaw Malinowski 1925 *''Handbook of the Indians of California'' by Alfred Kroeber 1927 *''Sex and Repression in Savage Society'' by Bronislaw Malinowski 1928 *'' Coming of Age in Samoa'' by Margaret Mead Births 1921 *Mary Douglas 1922 * Sidney Mintz 1924 *Colin Turnbull 1925 * Kathleen Aberle * Carlos Castaneda * Frantz Fanon * Ernest Gellner *Claude Meillassoux 1926 *Nakane Chie *Clifford Geertz * Robert Paine *Roy Rappaport 1927 * Elizabeth Warnock Fernea * Marvin Harris *Dell Hymes 1928 * Fredrik Barth * William Bright *Noam Chomsky Deaths 1921 *James Mooney 1922 *W. H. R. Rivers 1928 * Pliny Earle Goddard See also References {{DEFAULTSORT:1920-1929 In Anthropology Anthropology by deca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barbara Myerhoff
Barbara Myerhoff (February 16, 1935 – January 7, 1985) was an American anthropologist, filmmaker, and founder of the Center for Visual Anthropology at the University of Southern California. Throughout her career as an anthropologist, Barbara Myerhoff contributed to major methodological trends which have since become standards of social cultural anthropology. These methods include reflexivity, narrative story telling, and anthropologists’ positioning as social activists, commentaries, and critics whose work extends beyond the academy. Biography & Early Developments of Reflexive Anthropology Barbara Myerhoff was born on February 16, 1935 in Cleveland, Ohio. Her maternal “storytelling grandmother” Sofie Mann, a transformational childhood and adolescent figure for Myerhoff, helped to raise her. Myerhoff attributed Sofie Mann’s influence to her early appreciation of people’s life stories because Mann taught her that if one looked closely, every person had an intere ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward Sapir
Edward Sapir (; January 26, 1884 – February 4, 1939) was an American Jewish anthropologist-linguist, who is widely considered to be one of the most important figures in the development of the discipline of linguistics in the United States. Sapir was born in German Pomerania, in what is now northern Poland. His family emigrated to the United States of America when he was a child. He studied Germanic linguistics at Columbia, where he came under the influence of Franz Boas, who inspired him to work on Native American languages. While finishing his Ph.D. he went to California to work with Alfred Kroeber documenting the indigenous languages there. He was employed by the Geological Survey of Canada for fifteen years, where he came into his own as one of the most significant linguists in North America, the other being Leonard Bloomfield. He was offered a professorship at the University of Chicago, and stayed for several years continuing to work for the professionalization of the dis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lucien Lévy-Bruhl
Lucien Lévy-Bruhl (10 April 1857 – 13 March 1939) was a French scholar trained in philosophy who furthered anthropology with his contributions to the budding fields of sociology and ethnology. His primary field interest was ways of thinking. Born in Paris, Lévy-Bruhl wrote about the mind in his work ''How Natives Think'' (1910), where he posited, as the two basic mindsets of mankind, the "primitive" and the "modern". The primitive mind does not differentiate the supernatural from reality but uses "mystical participation" to manipulate the world. According to Lévy-Bruhl, the primitive mind does not address contradictions. The modern mind, by contrast, uses reflection and logic. Lévy-Bruhl did not necessarily believe in a historical and evolutionary teleology leading from the primitive mind to the modern, but this is often assumed because his work is rarely read in full; rather, his thought is more dynamic, as shown by his later ''Notebooks on Primitive Mentality'', where he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arthur Maurice Hocart
Arthur Maurice Hocart (26 April 1883, in Etterbeek, Belgium – 9 March 1939, in Cairo, Egypt) was an anthropologist best known for his eccentric and often far-seeing works on Polynesia, Melanesia, and Sri Lanka. Early life Hocart's family had resided for several hundred years in Guernsey (one of the Channel Islands between France and England) but are traceable to Domrémy-la-Pucelle, birthplace of Joan of Arc. Both his father, James and grandfather, also James, were Protestant missionaries in Switzerland, France and Belgium. Although Arthur was born in Etterbeek, near Brussels, he maintained his British nationality, as did the rest of his family. This juxtaposition between the English and Francophone worlds captures not only Hocart's education, but his status as an outsider to British academia. His work often seemed to predict developments in French anthropology, such as structuralism. From England to the South Seas After attending school at Elizabeth College, Guernsey, Hocar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grafton Elliot Smith
Sir Grafton Elliot Smith (15 August 1871 – 1 January 1937) was an Australian-British anatomist, Egyptologist and a proponent of the hyperdiffusionist view of prehistory. He believed in the idea that cultural innovations occur only once and that they spread geographically. Based on this, he traced the origins of many cultural and traditional practices across the world, including the New World, to ideas that he believed came from Egypt and in some instances from Asia. An expert on brain anatomy, he was one of the first to study Egyptian mummies using radiological techniques. He took an interest in extinct humanoids and was embroiled in controversy over the authenticity of the Piltdown Man. Professional career Smith was born in Grafton, New South Wales to Stephen Sheldrick Smith who had moved to Australia from London in 1860 and Mary Jane, née Evans. He received his early education from Grafton Public School where his father was headmaster. When the family moved to Sydney in 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladimir Jochelson
Vladimir Ilyich Jochelson (russian: Владимир Ильич Иохельсон) (January 14 ( N.S. January 26), 1855, Vilnius - November 2, 1937, New York City) was a Russian ethnographer and researcher of the indigenous peoples of the Russian North. Biography Jochelson came from a wealthy, religious Jewish family. He attended the Vilna Rabbinical Seminary, where he participated in the socialist, revolutionary group Narodnaya Volya. Compelled to leave Russia in 1875, he went first to Berlin and then in 1879 to Switzerland, where he remained four years, studying at Zurich and then teaching at a school on the Lake of Geneva, while keeping in touch with the revolutionary movement as editor of the ''Vyestnik Narodnoi Voli'', which had a clandestine circulation in Russia. On his return to Russia in 1884 he was recognised, arrested and confined for three years in the Petro-Pavlovsk fortress in St. Petersburg, and in 1887 was sentenced by order of the czar to exile for ten years in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Napoleon Brinton Hewitt
John Napoleon Brinton Hewitt (December 16, 1859 – October 14, 1937) was a linguist and ethnographer who specialized in Iroquoian and other Native American languages. Hewitt was born on the Tuscarora Indian Reservation near Lewiston, New York. His parents were Harriet and David;HEWITT, John Napoleon Brinton in '''' (1901-1902 edition), via archive.org his mother was of , |
Vladimir Bogoraz
Vladimir Germanovich Bogoraz (russian: Влади́мир Ге́рманович Богора́з), who was born Natan Mendelevich Bogoraz (russian: Ната́н Ме́нделевич Богора́з) and used the literary pseudonym N. A. Tan (russian: Н. А. Тан; – May 10, 1936), was a Russian revolutionary, writer and anthropologist, especially known for his studies of the Chukchi people in Siberia. In English, his name was often rendered as Waldemar Bogoras. Biography Bogoraz was born in the city of Ovruch in the family of a Jewish school teacher. Bogoraz changed his birthname from Natan to Vladimir after he converted to Christianity in adulthood. After finishing Chekhov Gymnasium in 1882, he enrolled in the Faculty of Law of Saint Petersburg University, but was dismissed for revolutionary activity with Narodnaya Volya and exiled to his parents' home in Taganrog. He spent 11 months at Taganrog prison for revolutionary propaganda. In 1886, he moved to Saint Petersburg, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walter Hough
Walter Hough, Ph.D. (1859–1935) was an American ethnologist who worked for the Smithsonian Institution. Life Hough was born at Morgantown, West Virginia. He was educated at Monongalia Academy, West Virginia Agricultural College, and West Virginia University (A.B., 1883; Ph.D., 1894). He was employed at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History as an assistant (1886–1894), as assistant curator of ethnology (1896–1910), and as curator from 1910 until his death in 1935. Though Hough's work revolved around cataloging the museum's collections, he also spent time doing archaeological field work in the American Southwest. In 1905, Hough unearthed preserved cobs of maize in a cave in New Mexico that helped subsequent archaeologists determine that the Mogollon ethnic group inhabited the area before the Anasazi Puebloans, who were previously considered to be the area's earliest inhabitants. In 1892, Hough was made Knight of the Order of Isabella when in Madrid as a mem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berthold Laufer
Berthold Laufer (October 11, 1874 – September 13, 1934) was a German anthropologist and Historical geography, historical geographer with an expertise in East Asian languages. The American Museum of Natural History calls him, "one of the most distinguished sinologists of his generation." Life Laufer was born in Cologne in Germany to Max and Eugenie Laufer (née Schlesinger). His paternal grandparents Salomon and Johanna Laufer were adherents of the Jewish faith. Laufer had a brother Heinrich (died 10 July 1935) who worked as a physician in Cairo. Laufer attended the Friedrich Wilhelms Gymnasium from 1884 to 1893. He continued his studies in University of Berlin, Berlin (1893–1895), and completed his doctorate in oriental languages at the University of Leipzig in 1897. The following year he emigrated to the United States where he remained until his death. He carried out ethnographic fieldwork on the Amur River and Sakhalin Island during 1898-1899 as part of the Jesup North Pacif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fritz Graebner
Robert Fritz Graebner (4 March 1877, Berlin – 13 July 1934, Berlin) was a German geographer and ethnologist best known for his development of the theory of ''Kulturkreis'', or culture circle. He was the first theoretician of the ''Vienna School of Ethnology''. Graebner advanced a theory of diffusion of culture (Kulturkreise) which became the basis of a culture-historical approach to ethnology. His theories had influence for a time in the field of ethnology, and were also propounded by Franz Boas, Clark Wissler and Paul Kirchhoff. He also induced the concept of "primeval culture". He was in Australia attending an anthropological conference when World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ... broke out in 1914, and due to accusations of having hidden certain sensiti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
