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1926 Padang Panjang Earthquakes
West Sumatra, Dutch East Indies (today Indonesia) was struck by an earthquake doublet on June 28, 1926. The first earthquake occurred at 10:23 local time, with an estimated magnitude of 6.7 on the surface wave magnitude scale with an intensity of IX (''Violent'') on the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale. Less than three hours later, a second earthquake occurred with a magnitude of 6.4 although it appears to have been less damaging. Three hundred and fifty-four people were killed during the first earthquake, with later shocks killing a total of 57 according to local records. Tectonic setting The Great Sumatran fault 1900 km in length is a major strike-slip fault zone that cuts through the island of Sumatra. It accommodates the right-lateral strike-slip component of the highly oblique collision zone between the Indo-Australian Plate and the Sunda plate. The Sunda megathrust carries the dip-slip component of the collision with the upper portion of the over-riding plat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great Sumatran Fault
The Indonesian island of Sumatra is located in a highly seismic area of the world. In addition to the subduction, subduction zone off the west coast of the island, Sumatra also has a large Fault (geology)#Strike-slip faults, strike-slip fault, the Great Sumatran Fault also known as Semangko Fault, running the entire length of the island. This fault zone accommodates most of the strike-slip motion associated with the oblique convergence between the Indo-Australian Plate, Indo-Australian and Eurasian plate, Eurasian Plate tectonics, plates. The fault ends in the north just below the city of Banda Aceh, which was devastated in the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake. After the December 2004 earthquake, pressure on the Great Sumatran Fault has increased tremendously, especially in the north. Geologic significance The Great Sumatran Fault is part of the system where strain partitioning was first described in plate tectonics. The convergence between the Indo-Australian Plate and the Sunda Plat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1943 Alahan Panjang Earthquakes
The 1943 Alahan Panjang earthquakes occurred on June 8 and June 9 UTC (June 9, 1943, local time) in Sumatra, then under Japanese occupation. This was an earthquake doublet (the shocks occurred at the same location on consecutive days). The first mainshock occurred on June 8 at 20:42 UTC. It ruptured the Suliti segment of the Sumatran Fault Zone. The magnitude was given as 7.2, or 7.1. The second mainshock occurred on June 9 at 03:06 UTC. It ruptured the Sumani segment of the Sumatran Fault Zone and perhaps the northwestern part of the Suliti segment. The magnitude was given as 7.5, or 7.4. Alahan Panjang was damaged in the earthquakes. Right lateral offsets were reported near the town of Solok. Near the Sumani segment, earthquake doublets occurred repeatedly. Similar earthquake doublet nearby include the earthquakes in 1926 and 2007. See also *List of earthquakes in 1943 *List of earthquakes in Indonesia __NOTOC__ This is an incomplete list of more recent recorded ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Earthquakes In 1926
This is a list of earthquakes in 1926. Only magnitude 6.0 or greater earthquakes appear on the list. Lower magnitude events are included if they have caused death, injury or damage. Events which occurred in remote areas will be excluded from the list as they wouldn't have generated significant media interest. All dates are listed according to UTC time. A fairly active year, with Greece, Dutch East Indies, and the Solomon Islands experiencing many large events. In spite of this the death toll was relatively low. Overall By death toll * Note: At least 10 casualties By magnitude * Note: At least 7.0 magnitude Notable events January February March April May June July August September October November December References {{Earthquakes by year 1926 1926 Events January * January 3 – Theodoros Pangalos declares himself dictator in Greece. * January 8 **Abdul-Aziz ibn Saud is crowned King ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammadiyah
Muhammadiyah ( ar, محمدية; 'followers of Muhammad'); also known as the Muhammadiyah Society ( id, Persyarikatan Muhammadiyah) is a major Islamic non-governmental organization in Indonesia.A. Jalil HamidTackle the rising cost of living longer New Straits Times, 30 October 2016. Accessed 1 November 2016. The organization was founded in 1912 by Ahmad Dahlan in the city of Yogyakarta as a reformist socioreligious movement, advocating ''ijtihad'' - individual interpretation of ''Qur'an'' and ''Sunnah'', as opposed to ''Taqlid'' - conformity to the traditional interpretations propounded by the ''ulama''. Since its establishment, Muhammadiyah has adopted a reformist platform mixing religious and secular education, primarily as a way to promote the upward mobility of Muslims toward a 'modern' community and to purify Indonesian Islam of local syncretic practices. It continues to support local culture and promote religious tolerance in Indonesia, while a few of its higher education in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rahmah El Yunusiyah
Rahmah el Yunusiyah ( Van Ophuijsen Spelling Rahmah el Joenoesijah, 26 October 1900 – 26 February 1969) was a Dutch East Indies and Indonesian politician, educator, and activist for women's education. Born into a prominent family of Islamic scholars, she was made to leave school in order to get married as a teenager. After a few years of marriage, el Yunusiyah obtained a divorce and returned to her education. In 1923, she founded , the first known Islamic school (madrasa) for girls in the Indies. As the school grew and established itself, el Yunusiyah helped found three more schools for women and girls as well as a teacher training institute. An Islamic nationalist, el Yunusiyah was imprisoned by the Dutch authorities before Indonesia's independence. In 1955 she became one of the first women to be elected to the People's Consultative Assembly of independent Indonesia as a member of the Masyumi Party. She died aged 68 in 1969 in her hometown, Padang Pajang. Early life El Yun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jam Gadang
Jam Gadang (Minangkabau language, Minangkabau for "Big Clock") is a clock tower, major landmark, and tourist attraction in the city of Bukittinggi, West Sumatra, Indonesia. It is in the centre of the city, near the main market, Pasar Ateh. It has large clocks on each face. History Jam Gadang is located in central Bukittinggi, a city in the Minangkabau Highlands of West Sumatra. It sits in the middle of the Sabai Nan Aluih Park, near the Ateh Market and palace of Mohammad Hatta. The structure was built in 1926, during the Dutch East Indies, Dutch colonial era, as a gift from Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands, Queen Wilhelmina to the city's ''controleur''. It was designed by architects Yazid Abidin and Sutan Gigi Ameh, reportedly at a cost of 3,000 guilder. Originally a rooster figure was placed on the apex, but it was changed into a Shinto shrine-like ornament during the Japanese occupation of Indonesia, Japanese occupation (1942–1945). Following Indonesian National Re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bukittinggi
Bukittinggi ( min, Bukiktinggi, Jawi: , formerly nl, Fort de Kock) is the third largest city in West Sumatra, Indonesia, with a population of 111,312 in 2010 and 121,028 in 2020, and an area of 25.24 km2. It is in the Minangkabau Highlands, 90 km by road from the West Sumatran capital city of Padang. The whole area directly borders to the Agam Regency (Bukittinggi was its regency seat until 1998), making it an enclave, and is located at , near the volcanoes Mount Singgalang (inactive) and Mount Marapi (still active). At 930 m above sea level, the city has a cool climate with temperatures between 16.1° to 24.9 °C. Bukittinggi used to be known as Fort de Kock and was once dubbed ''. The city was the capital of Indonesia during the Emergency Government of the Republic of Indonesia (PDRI). Before it became the capital of PDRI, the city was a centre of government at the time of the Dutch East Indies and during the Japanese colonial period. Bukittinggi is also known ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minangkabau People
Minangkabau people ( min, Urang Minang; Indonesian or Malay: ''Orang Minangkabau'' or ''Minangkabo''; Jawi: منڠكبو), also known as Minang, are an Austronesian ethnic group native to the Minangkabau Highlands of West Sumatra, Indonesia. The Minangkabau's West Sumatran homelands was the seat of the Pagaruyung Kingdom, believed by early historians to have been the cradle of the Malay race, and the location of the Padri War (1821 to 1837). Minangkabau are the ethnic majority in West Sumatra and Negeri Sembilan. Minangkabau are also a recognised minority in other parts of Indonesia as well as Malaysia, Singapore and the Netherlands. Etymology There are several etymology of the term Minangkabau. While the word "kabau" undisputedly translates to "Water Buffalo", the word "minang" is traditionally known as a pinang fruit that people usually chew along the 'Sirih' leaves. But there is also a folklore that mention that term Minangkabau (Minangkabau: ''Minang'' Jawi script: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Djam Gadang Te Fort De Kock (small)
Jam ( fa, جام, also Romanized as Jām; also known as Djam) is a village in Howmeh Rural District, in the Central District of Semnan County, Semnan Province, Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni .... At the 2006 census, its population was 182, in 56 families. References Populated places in Semnan County {{SemnanCounty-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lake Singkarak
Lake Singkarak ( id, Danau Singkarak) is a lake in West Sumatra, Indonesia. It is located between the regencies of Tanah Datar and Solok Regency. It has an area of 107.8 km2, being approximately 21 km long and 7 km wide. The natural outlet for excess water is the Ombilin river which flows eastward to the Strait of Malacca. A hydroelectric project, however, has diverted most of the lake outflow to the Anai river which flows westward into the Indian Ocean near Padang. This Singkarak power station uses this water to generate power for the West Sumatra and Riau provinces. A species of fish called ''ikan bilih'' (''Mystacoleucus padangensis'') is endemic to the lake, and is harvested for human consumption. A railway line, which connects Padang and Sawahlunto-Sijunjung, skirts the length of the lake on the eastern side. See also * List of lakes of Indonesia Notes References * * * * * Singkarak Lake Singkarak ( id, Danau Singkarak) is a lake in West Sumatra, Ind ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alahan Panjang
Alahan Panjang is a village in the ''kecamatan'' of Lembah Gumanti, Solok, West Sumatra, Indonesia. The village is located on Kerinci Seblat National Park's eastern slopes, at an altitude of , near Mount Talang. Situated between Alahan Panjang and the other nearby major town of Muara Labuh are the subvillages of Air Dingin Barat, Alang Laweh, and Sungai Kalau II. Economy It lies in the valley of the same name in northern Minangkabau Highlands, producing rubber, coffee, sugarcane, yams, maize, tobacco and bananas and using a high amount of pesticides. The area is poor, dominated by arid farming, and notable wet rice production. European firms have established mining exploration in parts of Alahan Panjang. History Alahan Panjang was the stronghold of the Indonesian hero Tuanku Imam Bonjol (1772–1864). After 1848, the government constructed a secondary road between Alahan Panjang and Solok, West Sumatra, located to the east. Historically, tiger hunting has been a problem that t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surface-wave Magnitude
The surface wave magnitude (M_s) scale is one of the magnitude scales used in seismology to describe the size of an earthquake. It is based on measurements of Rayleigh surface waves that travel along the uppermost layers of the Earth. This magnitude scale is related to the local magnitude scale proposed by Charles Francis Richter in 1935, with modifications from both Richter and Beno Gutenberg throughout the 1940s and 1950s. It is currently used in People's Republic of China as a national standard (GB 17740-1999) for categorising earthquakes. Recorded magnitudes of earthquakes through the mid 20th century, commonly attributed to Richter, could be either M_s or M_L. Definition The formula to calculate surface wave magnitude is: :M_s = \log_\left(\frac\right)_ + \sigma(\Delta)\,, where A is the maximum particle displacement in surface waves (vector sum of the two horizontal displacements) in μm, T is the corresponding period in s (usually 20 2 seconds), Δ is the epi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
