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1919 In Germany
Events in the year 1919 in Germany. Incumbents National level President of Germany (1919–1945), President * Vacant to 11 February, then Friedrich Ebert (Social Democratic Party of Germany, Social Democrats) Chancellor of Germany, Chancellor * Friedrich Ebert (Social Democrats) ''("Head of Government")'' to 11 February, then Philipp Scheidemann (Social Democrats) to 20 June, then Gustav Bauer (Social Democrats) Events * 5 January, 5–15 January – Spartacist uprising * 19 January – German federal election, 1919 * 13 February – Scheidemann cabinet are sworn in. * 29 March – University of Hamburg is established. * 21 June – Bauer cabinet are sworn in. * 28 June – The Weimar Republic is forced to sign the Treaty of Versailles under threat of continued Allied advance, which effectively ended World War I. * 12 September – Adolf Hitler spies on the German's Worker Party meeting in 1919 for the Reichswehr, also joining the party. Undated * Betz's law is published in 191 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated between the Baltic and North seas to the north, and the Alps to the south; it covers an area of , with a population of almost 84 million within its 16 constituent states. Germany borders Denmark to the north, Poland and the Czech Republic to the east, Austria and Switzerland to the south, and France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands to the west. The nation's capital and most populous city is Berlin and its financial centre is Frankfurt; the largest urban area is the Ruhr. Various Germanic tribes have inhabited the northern parts of modern Germany since classical antiquity. A region named Germania was documented before AD 100. In 962, the Kingdom of Germany formed the bulk of the Holy Roman Empire. During the 16th ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bauer Cabinet
The Bauer cabinet (German: ''Kabinett Bauer'') was the second democratically elected ''Reichsregierung'' of the German Reich. It was named after ''Reichsministerpräsident'' (head of government) Gustav Bauer and took office on 21 June 1919 when it replaced the Scheidemann cabinet. Although the Weimar Constitution was not in force yet, it is generally counted as the second government of the Weimar Republic. It was initially based on a coalition of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) and the Zentrum. The German Democratic Party (DDP) had refused to support signing the Treaty of Versailles, over which the Scheidemann Cabinet had resigned on 20 June 1919. The DDP rejoined the Bauer cabinet on 3 October 1919, thus restoring the original Weimar Coalition of centre-left parties. The Bauer cabinet resigned on 27 March 1920 as a result of the Kapp-Lüttwitz Putsch and was followed by the government of Hermann Müller. Election and establishment The government of Gus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2005 In Germany
Events in the year 2005 in Germany. Incumbents *President: Horst Köhler *Chancellor: **Gerhard Schröder (until 22 November 2005) **Angela Merkel (from 22 November 2005) Events * 20 January - German Visa Affair 2005 * 7 February - Honor killing of Hatun Sürücü * 10–20 February - 55th Berlin International Film Festival * 12 February -Bundesvision Song Contest 2005 * 12 March - Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest 2005 * 12 April - Ennepetal hostage taking * 30 May - Allianz Arena in Munich is opened. * 2 September - SAP Arena in Mannheim is opened. * 16–21 August - World Youth Day 2005 in Cologne * 22 November - The First Merkel cabinet led by Angela Merkel was sworn in. * Date unknown: German company HypoVereinsbank was acquired by Italian company UniCredit Bank AG. Elections * German federal election, 2005 * North Rhine-Westphalia state election, 2005 * Schleswig-Holstein state election, 2005 Sport * Bundesliga scandal (2005) * 2004–05 Bundesliga * 2004–05 2. Bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Konrad Hesse
Konrad Hesse (January 29, 1919 – March 15, 2005) was a German jurist and, from 1975 to 1987, a justice of the Federal Constitutional Court. Hesse was born in Königsberg, East Prussia. He entered the scientific field after his education in law. He obtained his doctorate degree in 1950, and was habilited in 1955 at the University of Göttingen. His habilitation covered state, administration and canon laws. He received his first ordinary professorship in 1965 at the University of Freiburg. Additionally, he worked from 1961 to 1975 as a judge at the Supreme Administrative Court in Baden-Württemberg. As a judge at the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany, Hesse was a member of the first senate and coined, in connection with the census judgement in 1983, the term of the right to informational self-determination. To solve the clash of civil rights, he produced the so-called term of practical concordance. Since 2003 Hesse was a member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Human ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
29 January
Events Pre-1600 * 904 – Sergius III is elected pope, after coming out of retirement to take over the papacy from the deposed antipope Christopher. * 946 – Caliph Al-Mustakfi is blinded and deposed by Emir Mu'izz al-Dawla, ruler of the Buyid Empire. He is succeeded by Al-Muti as caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate. * 1258 – First Mongol invasion of Đại Việt: Đại Việt defeats the Mongols at the battle of Đông Bộ Đầu, forcing the Mongols to withdraw from the country. 1601–1900 *1814 – War of the Sixth Coalition: France defeats Russia and Prussia in the Battle of Brienne. *1819 – Stamford Raffles lands on the island of Singapore. *1845 – "The Raven" is published in '' The Evening Mirror'' in New York, the first publication with the name of the author, Edgar Allan Poe. *1850 – Henry Clay introduces the Compromise of 1850 to the U.S. Congress. *1856 – Queen Victoria issues a Warrant under the Royal sign-manual that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bavaria Film
Bavaria Film is a German film production and film distribution, distribution company. It is one of Europe's largest film production companies, with some 30 subsidiaries. History The studios were founded in 1919, when Munich-raised film producer Peter Ostermayr converted the private film company he had founded in 1907, Münchener Lichtspielkunst GmbH, to the public company Münchener Lichtspielkunst AG (Emelka), and acquired a large area (ca. 356.000 m²) for the studios in Geiselgasteig, a district of Munich's southern suburb Grünwald, Bavaria, Grünwald. The company was a direct competitor to Universum Film AG, UFA, which had begun operations in Berlin in 1917, and quickly absorbed several other film industry companies in the region. In 1930 investor Wilhelm Kraus and a consortium of banks bought a major shareholding in the company, and on 21 September 1932 the group took control and renamed it Bavaria Film AG. In 1938 the Bavaria Film was nationalised but privatised again in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forbo Movement Systems
The Forbo Siegling Group's headquarters are located in Hanover, Germany. The company is an international manufacturer of conveyor and power transmission belts Belt (mechanical), (flat belts) made of synthetic materials. The group has eight production facilities in Europe, Asia and America, as well as warehouses and workshops in over 50 countries. There are Forbo Siegling service points in more than 300 places all over the world. History In 1919 Ernst Siegling founded a drive belt factory under his own name. Soon afterwards he started producing traditional, leather flat belts. Early in the 1920s chrome leather upright belts were being made and consisted of many riveted leather belts placed upright. At the beginning of the 1940s, a patent was registered under the Extremultus brand for a multi-layer flat belt made of nylon and chrome leather. The over 98% energy efficiency offered was a vast increase compared with traditional belt and chain drives. Automation and efficienc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albert Betz
Albert Betz (25 December 1885 – 16 April 1968) was a German physicist and a pioneer of wind turbine technology. Education and career Betz was born in Schweinfurt. In 1910 he graduated as a naval engineer from Technische Hochschule Berlin (Diplomingenieur Schiffbau). In 1911 Betz became a researcher at the University of Göttingen aerodynamics laboratory, where he was awarded his PhD in 1919 for his work on 'ship propellers with minimum loss of energy'. In his 1920 paper "Das Maximum der theoretisch möglichen Ausnutzung des Windes durch Windmotoren" ("Theoretical Limit for Best Utilization of Wind by Wind Motors") was published. His work was based on earlier studies by Frederick Lanchester that included the first full description of lift and drag. The formulation was somewhat complex and had to wait for Ludwig Prandtl's version before becoming generally useful. Betz' law states that, independent of the design of a wind turbine, only 16/27 (or 59%) of the kinetic energy of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Betz's Law
Betz's law indicates the maximum power that can be extracted from the wind, independent of the design of a wind turbine in open flow. It was published in 1919 by the German physicist Albert Betz. The law is derived from the principles of conservation of mass and momentum of the air stream flowing through an idealized "actuator disk" that extracts energy from the wind stream. According to Betz's law, no turbine can capture more than 16/27 (59.3%) of the kinetic energy in wind. The factor 16/27 (0.593) is known as Betz's coefficient. Practical utility-scale wind turbines achieve at peak 75–80% of the Betz limit. The Betz limit is based on an open-disk actuator. If a diffuser is used to collect additional wind flow and direct it through the turbine, more energy can be extracted, but the limit still applies to the cross-section of the entire structure. Concepts Betz's law applies to all Newtonian fluids, including wind. If all of the energy coming from wind movement through a tur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adolf Hitler
Adolf Hitler (; 20 April 188930 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was dictator of Nazi Germany, Germany from 1933 until Death of Adolf Hitler, his death in 1945. Adolf Hitler's rise to power, He rose to power as the leader of the Nazi Party, becoming the Chancellor of Germany, chancellor in 1933 and then taking the title of in 1934. During his dictatorship, he initiated European theatre of World War II, World War II in Europe by invasion of Poland, invading Poland on 1 September 1939. He was closely involved in military operations throughout the war and was central to the perpetration of the Holocaust: the genocide of Holocaust victims, about six million Jews and millions of other victims. Hitler was born in Braunau am Inn in Austria-Hungary and was raised near Linz. He lived in Vienna later in the first decade of the 1900s and moved to Germany in 1913. He was decorated during his Military career of Adolf Hitler, service in the German Army in Worl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
12 September
Events Pre-1600 *490 BC – Battle of Marathon: The conventionally accepted date for the Battle of Marathon. The Classical Athens, Athenians and their Plataean allies defeat the First Persian invasion of Greece, first Persian invasion force of Greece. * 372 – Sixteen Kingdoms: Emperor Xiaowu of Jin, Jin Xiaowudi, age 10, succeeds his father Emperor Jianwen of Jin, Jin Jianwendi as Emperor of the Jin dynasty (265–420), Eastern Jin dynasty. *1213 – Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester, defeats Peter II of Aragon at the Battle of Muret. *1229 – Battle of Portopí: The Aragonese army under the command of James I of Aragon disembarks at Santa Ponça, Majorca, with the purpose of conquering the island. *1309 – The First Siege of Gibraltar takes place in the context of the Spanish Reconquista pitting the forces of the Kingdom of Castile against the Emirate of Granada resulting in a Castilian victory. 1601–1900 *1609 – Henr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War I
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fighting occurring throughout Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Pacific, and parts of Asia. An estimated 9 million soldiers were killed in combat, plus another 23 million wounded, while 5 million civilians died as a result of military action, hunger, and disease. Millions more died in genocides within the Ottoman Empire and in the 1918 influenza pandemic, which was exacerbated by the movement of combatants during the war. Prior to 1914, the European great powers were divided between the Triple Entente (comprising France, Russia, and Britain) and the Triple Alliance (containing Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy). Tensions in the Balkans came to a head on 28 June 1914, following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
