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1919 Estonian Constituent Assembly Election
Constituent Assembly elections were held in Estonia on 5–7 April 1919. The elections were called by the Estonian Provisional Government during the Estonian War of Independence. The Assembly was elected by party-list proportional representation in one nationwide district using the D'Hondt method. Eligible voters included soldiers at the front. The elections were won by left-wing and centrist parties.Historical Dictionary of Estonia; p. 140 Results References {{Estonian elections Constituent assemblies Independence of Estonia[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
August Rei
August Rei VR III/1 ( – 29 March 1963) was an Estonian politician, the Head of State (''Riigivanem'') of Estonia in 1928–1929, and the Prime Minister in duties of the President of Estonia in the government in exile in 1945–1963. Early life and education August Rei was born in Kurla, Pilistvere parish, Kreis Fellin, Governorate of Livonia, Russian Empire (now Türi Parish, Järva County). Rei studied in the Tartu Emperor Alexander High School (the former State High School of the Livonian Governorate), but graduated from the Novgorod State High School. In 1904–1905 and 1907–1911, studied law in the St. Petersburg University. Beginnings of political influence In 1905–1907, Rei participated in the Russian revolution of 1905. In 1906, he edited the underground paper ''Sotsiaaldemokraat'' (''Social Democrat'') in Tallinn. Between 1912 and 1913, he was in compulsory army service. In 1913–1914 he worked as a lawyer in Viljandi. In 1914–1917 Rei was an artillery ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Farmers' Assemblies
The Farmers' Assemblies ( et, Põllumeeste Kogud) was a conservative political party in Estonia. Led by Konstantin Päts, it was one of the ruling parties during most of the interwar period. History The Rural League (''Maarahva Liit'') was formed in 1917 following an article in the ''Postimees'' newspaper by members of the Southern Estonian Farmers' Central Society, which called for the rural population to form political groups to represent themselves.Vincent E McHale (1983) ''Political parties of Europe'', Greenwood Press, p378 The new party published the ''Maaliit'' newspaper. In the Provincial Assembly elections later in the year the League received 22% of the vote and emerged as the largest party in the Assembly, holding 13 of the 62 seats. After the elections the party became part of the Democratic Bloc alongside the Estonian Democratic Party and the Estonian Radical Democratic Party. The Bloc received around 23% of the vote in the February 1918 Constituent Assembly elec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1919 In Estonia
This article lists events that occurred during 1919 in Estonia. Incumbents *Prime Minister – Konstantin Päts *Prime Minister – Otto Strandman Events * 9 May – Otto Strandman's cabinet is formed. * Estonian War of Independence: Bolsheviks were driven out from Estonia. * 10 October – Agrarian Law passed redistributing many of the estates owned by Baltic Germans and Estonian landowners. * 1 December – Tartu University is re-opened. Births *10 March – Pavel Bogovski, Estonian oncologist and anatomy pathologist Deaths * February 2 – Julius Kuperjanov, Estonian military commander (b. 1894) *April 27 – Anton Irv, Estonian military officer (b. 1886) References {{Year in Europe, 1919 1910s in Estonia Estonia Estonia Estonia, formally the Republic of Estonia, is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the sea across from Sweden, to the south by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parliamentary Elections In Estonia
A parliamentary system, or parliamentarian democracy, is a system of democratic governance of a state (or subordinate entity) where the executive derives its democratic legitimacy from its ability to command the support ("confidence") of the legislature, typically a parliament, to which it is accountable. In a parliamentary system, the head of state is usually a person distinct from the head of government. This is in contrast to a presidential system, where the head of state often is also the head of government and, most importantly, where the executive does not derive its democratic legitimacy from the legislature. Countries with parliamentary systems may be constitutional monarchies, where a monarch is the head of state while the head of government is almost always a member of parliament, or parliamentary republics, where a mostly ceremonial president is the head of state while the head of government is regularly from the legislature. In a few parliamentary republics, amo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Independence Of Estonia
__NOTOC__ The Estonian Declaration of Independence, also known as the Manifesto to the Peoples of Estonia ( et, Manifest Eestimaa rahvastele), is the founding act of the Republic of Estonia from 1918. It is celebrated on 24 February, the National Day or Estonian Independence Day. The declaration was drafted by the Salvation Committee elected by the elders of the Estonian Provincial Assembly. Originally intended to be proclaimed on 21 February 1918, the proclamation was delayed until the evening of 23 February, when the manifesto was printed and read out aloud publicly in Pärnu. On the next day, 24 February, the manifesto was printed and distributed in the capital, Tallinn. Historical context During World War I, between retreating Russian and advancing German troops, and the nearing occupation by the German Empire, then Maapäev — the Salvation Committee of the Estonian National Council — declared on 24 February 1918 the independence of Estonia. The German Emp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constituent Assemblies
{{Disambiguation ...
Constituent or constituency may refer to: Politics * An individual voter within an electoral district, state, community, or organization * Advocacy group or constituency * Constituent assembly * Constituencies of Namibia Other meanings * Constituent (linguistics), a word or a group of words that function as a single unit within a hierarchical structure * Constituent quark, a current quark with a notional "covering" See also * Ingredient * Part (other) Part, parts or PART may refer to: People *Armi Pärt (born 1991), Estonian handballer *Arvo Pärt (born 1935), Estonian classical composer * Brian Part (born 1962), American child actor * Dealtry Charles Part (1882–1961), sheriff (1926–1927) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dieter Nohlen
Dieter Nohlen (born 6 November 1939) is a German academic and political scientist. He currently holds the position of Emeritus Professor of Political Science in the Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences of the University of Heidelberg. An expert on electoral system An electoral system or voting system is a set of rules that determine how elections and referendums are conducted and how their results are determined. Electoral systems are used in politics to elect governments, while non-political elections ma ...s and political development, he has published several books. IDEA Bibliography Books published by Nohlen include: *''Electoral systems of the world'' (in German, 1978) *''Lexicon of politics'' (seven volumes) *''Elections and Electoral Systems'' (1996) *''Electi ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Party In Estonia
The Russian Party in Estonia ( et, Vene Erakond Eestis, VEE) was a minor political party in Estonia. History The party was originally established as the Russian National Union, a right-of-centre party, in 1920. It received 1% of the national vote in the parliamentary elections that year, Nohlen, D & Stöver, P (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p582 winning a single seat in the Riigikogu. After Estonia regained independence after the fall of the Soviet Union, the Russian Party of Estonia was established in 1994 as the legal successor to the Russian National Union. For the 1995 elections the party formed the "Our Home is Estonia" alliance with the Estonian United People's Party. The alliance won six seats. The party ran alone in the 1999 elections, receiving 2% of the vote but failing to win a seat. The 2003 elections saw the party's vote share fall to just 0.2% as it remained without representation in the Riigikogu. It received 0.2% of the vote again in the 200 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German-Baltic Party
The German-Baltic Party ( et, Saksa-Balti erakond; german: Deutsch-baltische Partei in Estland, DbPE) was a political party in Estonia representing the German minority. History The party was established on 27 November 1918 under the name German Party in Estonia (german: Deutsche Partei in Estland, et, Saksa Erakond Eestimaal) in preparation for the Constituent Assembly elections the following April. Following the Estonian War of Independence, the party was renamed the German-Baltic Party. The party won three seats in the elections in April 1919. Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p581 In the parliamentary elections in 1920 it won four seats, but was reduced to three seats in the 1923 elections and two seats in the 1926 elections The following elections occurred in the year 1926. Africa * 1926 Egyptian parliamentary election * 1926 Lagos by-election * 1926 Northern Rhodesian general election * 1926 South West African legis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christian People's Party (Estonia)
The Christian People's Party ( et, Kristlik Rahvaerakond, KRE) was a political party in Estonia between 1919 and 1931. History The party had its roots in the campaign for the 1918 Constituent Assembly elections, which was contested by a group known as the "Independent Christians".Vincent E McHale (1983) ''Political parties of Europe'', Greenwood Press, p374 The Christian Democratic Party (''Kristlik Demokraatlik Partei'', KDP) was established the following year by the Independent Christians and some defectors from the Estonian People's Party. The new party won five seats in the Constituent Assembly elections that year.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p581 The KDP went on to win seven seats in the 1920 elections, and joined Konstantin Päts' Farmers' Assemblies-led the government on 5 January 1921, being given the Education ministry post. However, the following year it caused a split in the government by introducing a bill to pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Estonian Independent Socialist Workers' Party
The Estonian Independent Socialist Workers' Party ( et, Eesti Iseseisev Sotsialistlik Tööliste Partei, EISTP) was a political party in Estonia. History The party was formed in 1920 as a split in 1919 from the Estonian Socialist Revolutionary Party, and was joined by defectors from the Estonian Social Democratic Workers' Party.Vincent E McHale (1983) ''Political parties of Europe'', Greenwood Press, p382 It contested the Constituent Assembly elections in 1919 as Socialists-Revolutionaries, winning seven seats. Later in the year they became the EISTP. Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p579 The 1920 elections saw the EISTP win 11 of the 100 seats in the Riigikogu. In 1922 the party was infiltrated by members of the Communist Party, resulting in a power struggle that the Communists won by mid-1923. The right-wing opposition left the party in 1922 and formed the Independent Socialist Workers' Party (ISTP). The May 1923 elections s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Estonian People's Party
The Estonian People's Party ( et, Eesti Rahvaerakond, ER) was a centre-right political party in Estonia. History The party was established in March 1919 by a merger of the Estonian Democratic Party and the Estonian Radical Democratic Party.Vincent E McHale (1983) ''Political parties of Europe'', Greenwood Press, p385 Some right-wing members of the Democratic Party opposed merging with the Radical Democrats and broke away to form the Christian Democratic Party.McHale, p386 In the April 1919 Constituent Assembly elections the new party won 25 of the 120 seats, becoming the third-largest party in the Assembly. However, the 1920 election saw it reduced to 10 seats in the 100-seat Riigikogu. It won eight seats in the 1923 and 1926 elections, and nine in the 1929 elections. In October 1931 it merged with Christian People's Party to form the United Nationalist Party, which was joined by the Estonian Labour Party The Estonian Labour Party ( et, Eesti Tööerakond, ETE) was a po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
