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1917 Codex Iuris Canonici (1918 Ed
The 1917 ''Code of Canon Law'' (abbreviated 1917 CIC, from its Latin title ), also referred to as the Pio-Benedictine Code,Dr. Edward Peters accessed June-9-2013 was the first official comprehensive codification of Latin canon law. Ordered by Pope Pius X in 1904 and carried out by the Commission for the Codification of Canon Law, led by Pietro Cardinal Gasparri, the work to produce the code was completed and promulgated under Pope Benedict XV on 27 May 1917, coming into effect on 19 May 1918.Metz, "What is Canon Law?", pg. 59 The 1917 ''Code of Canon Law'' has been described as "the greatest revolution in canon law since the time of Gratian" (1150s AD). The 1917 ''Code of Canon Law'' remained in force until the 1983 ''Code of Canon Law'' took legal effect and abrogated it on 27 November 1983.NYTimes.com,New Canon Law Code in Effect for Catholics, 27-Nov-1983, accessed June-25-2013 History Background Papal attempts at codification of the scattered mass of canon law s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1917 Codex Iuris Canonici (1918 Ed
The 1917 ''Code of Canon Law'' (abbreviated 1917 CIC, from its Latin title ), also referred to as the Pio-Benedictine Code,Dr. Edward Peters accessed June-9-2013 was the first official comprehensive codification of Latin canon law. Ordered by Pope Pius X in 1904 and carried out by the Commission for the Codification of Canon Law, led by Pietro Cardinal Gasparri, the work to produce the code was completed and promulgated under Pope Benedict XV on 27 May 1917, coming into effect on 19 May 1918.Metz, "What is Canon Law?", pg. 59 The 1917 ''Code of Canon Law'' has been described as "the greatest revolution in canon law since the time of Gratian" (1150s AD). The 1917 ''Code of Canon Law'' remained in force until the 1983 ''Code of Canon Law'' took legal effect and abrogated it on 27 November 1983.NYTimes.com,New Canon Law Code in Effect for Catholics, 27-Nov-1983, accessed June-25-2013 History Background Papal attempts at codification of the scattered mass of canon law s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Congregation (Roman Curia)
In the Roman Curia, a congregation ( lat, Sacræ Cardinalium Congregationes) is a type of department of the Curia. They are second-highest-ranking departments, ranking below the two Secretariats, and above the pontifical councils, pontifical commissions, tribunals and offices. Originally, congregations were select groups of cardinals drawn from the College of Cardinals, commissioned to take care of some field of activity that concerned the Holy See. Today, as a result of a decision of the Second Vatican Council, members include diocesan bishops from diverse parts of the world who are not cardinals. Each congregation also has a permanent staff. Each congregation is led by a Prefect, who is usually a cardinal.René Metz, ''Twentieth Century Encyclopedia of Catholicism, Vol. 80: What is Canon Law?'' (New York: Hawthorn Books, 1960), pp. 99-101 Until recently, a non-cardinal appointed to head a congregation was styled pro-prefect until made a cardinal. This practice has been aba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benedictus XV
Pope Benedict XV ( Latin: ''Benedictus XV''; it, Benedetto XV), born Giacomo Paolo Giovanni Battista della Chiesa, name=, group= (; 21 November 185422 January 1922), was head of the Catholic Church from 1914 until his death in January 1922. His pontificate was largely overshadowed by World War I and its political, social, and humanitarian consequences in Europe. Between 1846 and 1903, the Catholic Church had experienced two of its longest pontificates in history up to that point. Together Pius IX and Leo XIII ruled for a total of 57 years. In 1914, the College of Cardinals chose della Chiesa at the relatively young age of 59 at the outbreak of World War I, which he labeled " the suicide of civilized Europe". The war and its consequences were the main focus of Benedict XV. He immediately declared the neutrality of the Holy See and attempted from that perspective to mediate peace in 1916 and 1917. Both sides rejected his initiatives. German Protestants rejected any "Papal Pea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pius X
Pope Pius X ( it, Pio X; born Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto; 2 June 1835 – 20 August 1914) was head of the Catholic Church from 4 August 1903 to his death in August 1914. Pius X is known for vigorously opposing modernist interpretations of Catholic doctrine, and for promoting liturgical reforms and scholastic theology. He initiated the preparation of the 1917 Code of Canon Law, the first comprehensive and systemic work of its kind. He is venerated as a saint in the Catholic Church and is the namesake of the traditionalist Catholic Priestly Fraternity of Saint Pius X. Pius X was devoted to the Blessed Virgin Mary under the title of Our Lady of Confidence; while his papal encyclical ''Ad diem illum'' took on a sense of renewal that was reflected in the motto of his pontificate. He advanced the Liturgical Movement by formulating the principle of ''participatio actuosa'' (active participation of the faithful) in his motu proprio, ''Tra le sollecitudini'' (1903). He encouraged ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benedict XV
Pope Benedict XV (Ecclesiastical Latin, Latin: ''Benedictus XV''; it, Benedetto XV), born Giacomo Paolo Giovanni Battista della Chiesa, name=, group= (; 21 November 185422 January 1922), was head of the Catholic Church from 1914 until his death in January 1922. His pontificate was largely overshadowed by World War I and its political, social, and humanitarian consequences in Europe. Between 1846 and 1903, the Catholic Church had experienced two of its longest pontificates in history up to that point. Together Pius IX and Leo XIII ruled for a total of 57 years. In 1914, the College of Cardinals chose della Chiesa at the relatively young age of 59 at the outbreak of World War I, which he labeled "Ad beatissimi Apostolorum, the suicide of civilized Europe". The war and its consequences were the main focus of Benedict XV. He immediately declared the neutrality of the Holy See and attempted from that perspective to mediate peace in 1916 and 1917. Both sides rejected his initiatives. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pius XII
Pius ( , ) Latin for "pious", is a masculine given name. Its feminine form is Pia. It may refer to: People Popes * Pope Pius (other) * Antipope Pius XIII (1918-2009), who led the breakaway True Catholic Church sect Given name * Pius Bazighe (born 1972), Nigerian javelin thrower * Pius Heinz (born 1989), German professional poker player who won the 2011 World Series of Poker Main Event * Pius F. Koakanu (died 1885), Hawaiian politician * Pius Ncube, Catholic Archbishop of Harare and outspoken critic of Robert Mugabe * Pius Schwert (1892-1941), American politician and baseball player Surname * Märt Pius (born 1989), Estonian actor * Priit Pius (born 1989), Estonian actor Fictional characters * Pius Thicknesse, in the ''Harry Potter'' series * Pius XIII the eponymous Pope in the HBO series '' The Young Pope'' * Pius XV, in the ''Babylon 5'' science fiction saga, a fictional early 22nd century pope featured in the novel ''Dark Genesis'' See also * PIUS reactor, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latin Church
, native_name_lang = la , image = San Giovanni in Laterano - Rome.jpg , imagewidth = 250px , alt = Façade of the Archbasilica of St. John in Lateran , caption = Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran in Rome, Italy , type = Particular church () , main_classification = Catholic , orientation = Western Christianity , scripture = Vulgate , theology = Catholic theology , polity = Episcopal , governance = Holy See , leader_title = Pope , leader_name = , language = Ecclesiastical Latin , liturgy = Latin liturgical rites , headquarters = Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran, Rome, Italy , founded_date = 1st century , founded_place = Rome, Roman Empire , area = Mainly in Western Europe, Central Europe, the Americas, the Philippines, pockets of Africa, Madagascar, Oceania, with sev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canon (canon Law)
In canon law, a canon designates some law promulgated by a synod, an ecumenical council, or an individual bishop. The word "canon" comes from the Greek ''kanon'', which in its original usage denoted a straight rod that was later the instrument used by architects and artificers as a measuring stick for making straight lines. ''Kanon'' eventually came to mean a rule or norm, so that when the first ecumenical council— Nicaea I—was held in 325, ''kanon'' started to obtain the restricted juridical denotation of a law promulgated by a synod or ecumenical council, as well as that of an individual bishop. Etymology Greek ''kanon'' / grc, κανών, Arabic ''Qanun'' / قانون, Hebrew ''kaneh'' / קנה, "straight"; a rule, code, standard, or measure; the root meaning in all these languages is "reed" (''cf.'' the Romance-language ancestors of the English word "cane"). A ''kanon'' was the instrument used by architects and artificers for making straight lines. Pre-Nicene usage ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Motu Proprio
In law, ''motu proprio'' (Latin for "on his own impulse") describes an official act taken without a formal request from another party. Some jurisdictions use the term ''sua sponte'' for the same concept. In Catholic canon law, it refers to a document issued by the pope on his own initiative and personally signed by him.Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (Oxford University Press 2005 ), s.v. motu proprio Such a document may be addressed to the whole church, to part of it, or to some individuals. A document issued ''motu proprio'' has its legal effect, even if the reasons given for its issuance are found to be false or fraudulent, a fact which would normally render the document invalid. Its validity is based on its issuance by the pope by his own initiative, not upon the reasons alleged. The first ''motu proprio'' was promulgated by Pope Innocent VIII in 1484. It continues to be a common form of papal rescript, especially when establishing institutions, making minor ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Vatican Council
The First Ecumenical Council of the Vatican, commonly known as the First Vatican Council or Vatican I was convoked by Pope Pius IX on 29 June 1868, after a period of planning and preparation that began on 6 December 1864. This, the twentieth ecumenical council of the Catholic Church, held three centuries after the Council of Trent, opened on 8 December 1869 and was adjourned on 20 October 1870 after the revolutionary Capture of Rome. Unlike the five earlier general councils held in Rome, which met in the Lateran Basilica and are known as Lateran councils, it met in Saint Peter's Basilica in the Vatican, hence its name. Its best-known decision is its definition of papal infallibility. The council was convoked to respond to the rising influence of rationalism, anarchism, communism, socialism, liberalism, materialism, and pantheism. Its purpose was, besides this, to define the Catholic doctrine concerning the Church of Christ. There was discussion and approval of only two const ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mortal Sin
A mortal sin ( la, peccatum mortale), in Catholic theology, is a gravely sinful act which can lead to damnation if a person does not repent of the sin before death. A sin is considered to be "mortal" when its quality is such that it leads to a separation of that person from God's saving grace. Three conditions must together be met for a sin to be mortal: "Mortal sin is sin whose object is grave matter and which is also committed with full knowledge and deliberate consent." The sin against the Holy Ghost and the sins that cry to Heaven for vengeance are considered especially serious. This type of sin is distinguished from a venial sin that simply leads to a weakening of a person's relationship with God. Despite its gravity, a person can repent of having committed a mortal sin. Such repentance is the primary requisite for forgiveness and absolution. Teaching on absolution from serious sins has varied somewhat throughout history. The current teaching for Catholics was forma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King Of Portugal
This is a list of Portuguese monarchs who ruled from the establishment of the Kingdom of Portugal, in 1139, to the deposition of the Portuguese monarchy and creation of the Portuguese Republic with the 5 October 1910 revolution. Through the nearly 800 years in which Portugal was a monarchy, the kings held various other titles and pretensions. Two kings of Portugal, Ferdinand I and Afonso V, also claimed the crown of Castile. When the House of Habsburg came into power, the kings of Spain, Naples, and Sicily also became kings of Portugal. The House of Braganza brought numerous titles to the Portuguese Crown, including King of Brazil and then ''de jure'' Emperor of Brazil. After the demise of the Portuguese monarchy, in 1910, Portugal almost restored its monarchy in a revolution known as the Monarchy of the North, though the attempted restoration only lasted a month before destruction. With Manuel II's death, the Miguelist branch of the house of Braganza became the pretende ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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