|
1880s In Anthropology
Timeline of anthropology, 1880–1889 Events 1884 * Pitt Rivers Museum founded 1887 *The University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology is founded Publications 1881 *''Houses and House-life of the American Aborigines'', by Lewis Henry Morgan 1887 *''Totemism'', by James Frazer Births 1881 *Alfred Radcliffe-Brown * Frank Gouldsmith Speck 1884 *John Peabody Harrington *Arthur Maurice Hocart * Bronislaw Malinowski * Edward Sapir 1887 * Ruth Benedict * Edward Winslow Gifford 1888 * Jaime de Angulo Deaths 1881 *John Ferguson McLennan * Lewis Henry Morgan 1887 *Johann Bachofen 1888 * Edwin Hamilton Davis *Henry Maine Sir Henry James Sumner Maine, (15 August 1822 – 3 February 1888), was a British Whig comparative jurist and historian. He is famous for the thesis outlined in his book ''Ancient Law'' that law and society developed "from status to contract." ... * Nikolai Miklukho Malai * Ephraim George Squier {{DEFAULTSORT:1880-1889 In Anthropology A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1870s In Anthropology
Timeline of anthropology, 1870–1879 Events 1873 * The American Museum of Natural History establishes an anthropology department Publications 1871 * Systems of Consanguinity and Affinity of the Human Family Births 1873 * Leo Frobenius * Arnold van Gennep *Charles Seligman *John Reed Swanton Deaths 1873 *Louis Agassiz Jean Louis Rodolphe Agassiz ( ; ) FRS (For) FRSE (May 28, 1807 – December 14, 1873) was a Swiss-born American biologist and geologist who is recognized as a scholar of Earth's natural history. Spending his early life in Switzerland, he rec ... {{DEFAULTSORT:1870-79 in anthropology Anthropology by decade Anthropology Anthropology timelines 1870s decade overviews ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ruth Benedict
Ruth Fulton Benedict (June 5, 1887 – September 17, 1948) was an American anthropologist and folklorist. She was born in New York City, attended Vassar College, and graduated in 1909. After studying anthropology at the New School of Social Research under Elsie Clews Parsons, she entered graduate studies at Columbia University in 1921, where she studied under Franz Boas. She received her Ph.D. and joined the faculty in 1923. Margaret Mead, with whom she shared a romantic relationship, and Marvin Opler were among her students and colleagues. Benedict was president of the American Anthropological Association and also a prominent member of the American Folklore Society. She became the first woman to be recognized as a prominent leader of a learned profession. She can be viewed as a transitional figure in her field by redirecting both anthropology and folklore away from the limited confines of culture-trait diffusion studies and towards theories of performance as integral to the i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1880s In Science
Year 188 (CLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known in the Roman Empire as the Year of the Consulship of Fuscianus and Silanus (or, less frequently, year 941 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 188 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Publius Helvius Pertinax becomes pro-consul of Africa from 188 to 189. Japan * Queen Himiko (or Shingi Waō) begins her reign in Japan (until 248). Births * April 4 – Caracalla (or Antoninus), Roman emperor (d. 217) * Lu Ji (or Gongji), Chinese official and politician (d. 219) * Sun Shao, Chinese general of the Eastern Wu state (d. 241) Deaths * March 17 – Julian, pope and patriarch of Alexandria * Fa Zhen (or Gaoqing), Chinese scholar (b. AD 100) * Lucius Antistius Burrus, Roman politician (executed) * Ma Xiang, Chines ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anthropology By Decade
Anthropology is the scientific study of humanity, concerned with human behavior, human biology, cultures, societies, and linguistics, in both the present and past, including past human species. Social anthropology studies patterns of behavior, while cultural anthropology studies cultural meaning, including norms and values. A portmanteau term sociocultural anthropology is commonly used today. Linguistic anthropology studies how language influences social life. Biological or physical anthropology studies the biological development of humans. Archaeological anthropology, often termed as 'anthropology of the past', studies human activity through investigation of physical evidence. It is considered a branch of anthropology in North America and Asia, while in Europe archaeology is viewed as a discipline in its own right or grouped under other related disciplines, such as history and palaeontology. Etymology The abstract noun ''anthropology'' is first attested in reference to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ephraim George Squier
Ephraim George Squier (June 17, 1821 – April 17, 1888), usually cited as E. G. Squier, was an American archaeologist, history writer, painter and newspaper editor. Biography Squier was born in Bethlehem, New York, the son of a minister, Joel Squier, and his wife, Catharine Squier, née Kilmer or Külmer. His father was of English descent and his mother ethnic Palatine German, from immigrants who settled in New York in the early 1700s. In early youth he worked on a farm, attended and taught school, studied engineering, and became interested in American antiquities. The Panic of 1837 made an engineering career unfeasible, so he pursued literature and journalism. He was associated in the publication of the ''New York State Mechanic'' at Albany 1841–1842. In 1843–1848, he engaged in journalism in Hartford, Connecticut and then edited the Chillicothe, Ohio, weekly newspaper the ''Scioto Gazette''. During this period, Squier collaborated with physician Edwin H. Davis on the b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikolai Miklukho Malai
Nikolai or Nikolay is an East Slavic variant of the masculine name Nicholas. It may refer to: People Royalty * Nicholas I of Russia (1796–1855), or Nikolay I, Emperor of Russia from 1825 until 1855 * Nicholas II of Russia (1868–1918), or Nikolay II, last Emperor of Russia, from 1894 until 1917 * Prince Nikolai of Denmark (born 1999) Other people Nikolai * Nikolai Aleksandrovich (other) or Nikolay Aleksandrovich, several people * Nikolai Antropov (born 1980), Kazakh former ice hockey winger * Nikolai Berdyaev (1874-1948), Russian religious and political philosopher * Nikolai Bogomolov (born 1991), Russian professional ice hockey defenceman * Nikolai Bukharin (1888–1938), Bolshevik revolutionary and Soviet politician * Nikolai Bulganin (1895-1975), Soviet politician and minister of defence * Nikolai Chernykh (1931-2004), Russian astronomer * Nikolai Dudorov (1906–1977), Soviet politician * Nikolai Dzhumagaliev (born 1952), Soviet serial killer * Nikolai Goc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Maine
Sir Henry James Sumner Maine, (15 August 1822 – 3 February 1888), was a British Whig comparative jurist and historian. He is famous for the thesis outlined in his book ''Ancient Law'' that law and society developed "from status to contract." According to the thesis, in the ancient world individuals were tightly bound by status to traditional groups, while in the modern one, in which individuals are viewed as autonomous agents, they are free to make contracts and form associations with whomever they choose. Because of this thesis, Maine can be seen as one of the forefathers of modern legal anthropology, legal history and sociology of law. Early life Maine was the son of Dr. James Maine, of Kelso, Roxburghshire. He was educated at Christ's Hospital, where a boarding house was named after him in 1902, being the 7th block on the avenue, and 3rd on the East Side. From there he went up to Pembroke College, Cambridge, in 1840. At Cambridge, he was noted as a classical scholar and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edwin Hamilton Davis
Edwin Hamilton Davis (January 22, 1811 – May 15, 1888) was an American physician and self taught archaeologist who completed pioneering investigations of the mound builders in the Mississippi Valley. Davis gathered what, at that time, was the largest privately held collection of prehistoric Indian artifacts in the United States. Early life Edwin Hamilton Davis was born in Ross County, Ohio on January 22, 1811. He graduated at Cincinnati Medical College in 1838. He practised in Chillicothe, Ohio until 1850, when he was called to the chair of materia medica and therapeutics in the New York Medical College. Dr. Davis was one of the editors of the ''American Medical Monthly''. He married Lucy Woodbridge in 1841, and they had nine children. Archaeology Davis gave much attention to the subject of American antiquities and aided Charles Whittlesey in explorations of ancient mounds in 1836. Then from 1845 until 1847, assisted by E. G. Squier, Davis surveyed nearly one hundred group ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johann Bachofen
Johann Jakob Bachofen (22 December 1815 – 25 November 1887) was a Swiss antiquarian, jurist, philologist, anthropologist, and professor for Roman law at the University of Basel from 1841 to 1845. Bachofen is most often connected with his theories surrounding prehistoric matriarchy, or ''Das Mutterrecht'', the title of his seminal 1861 book ''Mother Right: an investigation of the religious and juridical character of matriarchy in the Ancient World.'' Bachofen assembled documentation demonstrating that motherhood is the source of human society, religion, morality, and decorum. He postulated an archaic "mother-right" within the context of a primeval Matriarchal religion or ''Urreligion''. Bachofen became an important precursor of 20th-century theories of matriarchy, such as the Old European culture postulated by Marija Gimbutas from the 1950s, and the field of feminist theology and "matriarchal studies" in 1970s feminism. Biography Born into a wealthy Basel family active i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Ferguson McLennan
John Ferguson McLennan FRSE LLD (14 October 1827 – 16 June 1881), was a Scottish advocate, social anthropologist and ethnologist. Life He was born in Inverness, the son of John McLennan, an insurance agent, and his wife, Jessie Ross. He was educated in that city, then studied law at King's College, Aberdeen, graduating M.A. in 1849. He then entered Trinity College, Cambridge, where in 1853 he obtained a Wrangler's place ( first class) in the Mathematical Tripos. He left Cambridge without taking a degree there. McLennan then spent two years in London writing for '' The Leader'', at that time edited by George Henry Lewes, and other periodicals. He may well have attended one of the Inns of Court. During this period he knew George Eliot and William Michael Rossetti, and dabbled in verse in the Pre-Raphaelite style.Robert Crawford, ''Devolving English Literature'' (2000), pp. 152–3Google Books On returning to Edinburgh, he was called to the Scottish bar in January 1857. He be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jaime De Angulo
Jaime de Angulo (1887–1950) was a linguist, novelist, and ethnomusicologist in the western United States. He was born in Paris of Spanish parents. He came to America in 1905 to become a cowboy, and eventually arrived in San Francisco on the eve of the great 1906 earthquake. He lived a picaresque life including stints as a cowboy, medical doctor and psychologist, a decade of field work in Native American linguistics and anthropology, and over forty years participation in the literary-artistic-bohemian culture of the San Francisco Bay Area. Career De Angulo began his career in field linguistics and anthropology at the University of California, Berkeley in the early 1920s, shortly after his marriage to L. S. ("Nancy") Freeland. (He had already acquired an M.D. from Johns Hopkins and done research in biology at Stanford.) During the next decade he and his wife lived for intermittent periods among several native Californian tribes to study their cultures, languages and music. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward Winslow Gifford
Edward Winslow Gifford (August 14, 1887 – May 16, 1959) devoted his life to studying California Indian ethnography as a professor of anthropology and director of the Museum of Anthropology at the University of California, Berkeley. Born in Oakland, California, he became an assistant curator of ornithology at the California Academy of Sciences after graduating from high school; he never attended college. He joined the University of California's Museum of Anthropology in 1912 as an assistant curator. In the 1920s he was sent to Tonga with William C. McKern who was also from the University of California. These two and the botanist was Arthur J. Eames from Harvard University made up one of the four teams of the Bayard Dominick Expedition. Te Rangi Hiroa, Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
