|
1821 In France
Events from the year 1821 in France. Incumbents * Monarch – Louis XVIII * Prime Minister – Armand-Emmanuel de Vignerot du Plessis, Duc de Richelieu (until 14 December), then Joseph de Villèle Events *5 May - Napoléon dies in exile at Saint Helena. The cause of his death is still disputed. Births *11 February - Auguste Mariette, scholar and archaeologist (died 1881) *9 April - Charles Baudelaire, poet, critic and translator (died 1867) *6 June - Jean-André Cuoq, philologist (died 1898) *1 July - Anatole Jean-Baptiste Antoine de Barthélemy, archaeologist and numismatist (died 1904) *18 July - Pauline García-Viardot, mezzo-soprano and composer (died 1910) *29 August - Louis Laurent Gabriel de Mortillet, anthropologist (died 1898) *17 September - Léonard-Léopold Forgemol de Bostquénard, general (died 1897) *22 November - Charles Brun, naval engineer (died 1897) *12 December - Gustave Flaubert, novelist (died 1880) *December - Joseph Déjacque, anarcho-communist p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of French Monarchs
France was ruled by monarchs from the establishment of the Kingdom of West Francia in 843 until the end of the Second French Empire in 1870, with several interruptions. Classical French historiography usually regards Clovis I () as the first king of France, however historians today consider that such a kingdom did not begin until the establishment of West Francia. Titles The kings used the title "King of the Franks" ( la, Rex Francorum) until the late twelfth century; the first to adopt the title of "King of France" (Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...: ''Rex Franciae''; French language, French: ''roi de France'') was Philip II of France, Philip II in 1190 (r. 1180–1223), after which the title "King of the Franks" gradually lost ground. However, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1904 In France
Events from the year 1904 in France. Incumbents *President: Émile Loubet *President of the Council of Ministers: Emile Combes Events *23 February - First launch of a French diesel-powered submarine, ''Aigrette''. *8 April - ''Entente cordiale'', a series of agreements signed between the United Kingdom and France. *Cosmetics companies Laboratoires Garnier and Coty are established. Arts and literature The unofficial art mouvement of ''Fauvism'' (Fauves is the French word for "wild beasts"). Henri Matisse (1869–1954) was the leader of the small group, with other major artists including André Derain (1880–1954) and maurice de Vlaminick (1876–1958). The mouvement was never made official with documents signed by members of a list of criteria in order for work to be considered Fauvism, but it was simply a small group of mainly French painters who used brilliant colour and unexpected brushstrokes, similar to the German Expressionism mouvement. Matisse created the Fauve style a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anarchist Communism
Anarcho-communism, also known as anarchist communism, (or, colloquially, ''ancom'' or ''ancomm'') is a political philosophy and anarchist school of thought that advocates communism. It calls for the abolition of private property but retains respect for personal property and collectively-owned items, goods, and services. It supports social ownership of property and direct democracy among other horizontal networks for the allocation of production and consumption based on the guiding principle "From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs". Some forms of anarcho-communism, such as insurrectionary anarchism, are strongly influenced by egoism and radical individualism, believing anarcho-communism to be the best social system for realizing individual freedom."T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseph Déjacque
Joseph Déjacque (; 27 December 1821, in Paris – 1864, in Paris) was a French early anarcho-communist poet, philosopher and writer. He coined the term "libertarian" (French: ''libertaire'') for himselfJoseph DéjacqueDe l'être-humain mâle et femelle - Lettre à P.J. Proudhon par Joseph Déjacque(in French) in a political sense in a letter written in 1857, criticizing Pierre-Joseph Proudhon for his sexist views on women, his support of individual ownership of the product of labor and of a market economy, saying that "it is not the product of his or her labor that the worker has a right to, but to the satisfaction of his or her needs, whatever may be their nature". Life Formative years, from childhood to exile Born in 1821, Joseph Déjacque grew up fatherless and was raised by his mother, a linen-maker. In 1834 he became an apprentice and, in 1839, a sales clerk in the wallpaper trade. In 1841, he joined the French Navy, where he met with military authoritarianism. Returnin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1880 In France
Events from the year 1880 in France. Incumbents *President: Jules Grévy *President of the Council of Ministers: Charles de Freycinet (until 23 September), Jules Ferry (starting 23 September) Events * 29 June – France annexes Tahiti. * Musée Carnavalet is opened to the public as a museum of Paris history. * Discovery of piezoelectricity by Pierre Curie and Jacques Curie. Births * 14 January – Pierre-Marie Gerlier, Cardinal (died 1965) * 5 February – Gabriel Voisin, aviation pioneer (died 1973) * 20 February – Jacques d'Adelswärd-Fersen, aristocrat, novelist and poet (died 1923) * 21 February – Pierre Chaumié, politician (died 1966) * 17 April – Jacques Suzanne, painter, artist and explorer (died 1967) * 25 May – Jean Alexandre Barré, neurologist (died 1967) * 26 August – Guillaume Apollinaire, poet, writer and art critic (died 1918) * 12 October – Marcel-Bruno Gensoul, admiral (d. 1973) * 8 December – Clément-Emile Roques, Cardinal (died 1964) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gustave Flaubert
Gustave Flaubert ( , , ; 12 December 1821 – 8 May 1880) was a French novelist. Highly influential, he has been considered the leading exponent of literary realism in his country. According to the literary theorist Kornelije Kvas, "in Flaubert, realism strives for formal perfection, so the presentation of reality tends to be neutral, emphasizing the values and importance of style as an objective method of presenting reality". He is known especially for his debut novel ''Madame Bovary'' (1857), his ''Correspondence'', and his scrupulous devotion to his style and aesthetics. The celebrated short story writer Guy de Maupassant was a protégé of Flaubert. Life Early life and education Flaubert was born in Rouen, in the Seine-Maritime department of Upper Normandy, in northern France. He was the second son of Anne Justine Caroline (née Fleuriot; 1793–1872) and Achille-Cléophas Flaubert (1784–1846), director and senior surgeon of the major hospital in Rouen. He began writ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Brun (France)
Charles Brun (22 November 1821, Toulon – 13 January 1897, Paris) was a 1st class engineer of the French Navy stationed at Rochefort, France. He was famously involved in building the submarine ''Plongeur'',Le Masson, H. (1969) Du Nautilus (1800) au Redoubtable (Histoire critique du sous-marin dans la marine française), Paris pp.55–59 which had been designed by Simon Bourgeois, in 1862. Charles Brun later became: *Director of Naval constructions *Member of Parliament for Var (1871–76) *Senator A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the el ... for Var (1876–89) * Minister of Marine and the Colonies from 1883 References 1821 births 1897 deaths Military personnel from Toulon Politicians from Toulon Opportunist Republicans Ministers of Marine and the Colonies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1897 In France
Events from the year 1897 in France. Incumbents *President: Félix Faure *President of the Council of Ministers: Jules Méline Events * 4 May – Bazar de la Charité Fire. * 9 December – First issue of the feminist newspaper ''La Fronde'' is published by Marguerite Durand. * Alexandre Darracq begins manufacture of motor vehicles at A. Darracq et Cie in the Paris suburb of Suresnes. Arts and literature * At Giverny, Claude Monet begins painting his ''Water Lilies'' series, which will continue until the end of his life. * 28 December – The play ''Cyrano de Bergerac'', by Edmond Rostand, premieres in Paris. Births January to June * 21 January – René Iché, sculptor (died 1954) * 30 March – Raymond Borderie, film producer (died 1982) * 4 April – Pierre Fresnay, actor (died 1975) * 1 May – Aimée Antoinette Camus, botanist (died 1965) * 27 May – Lucien Cailliet, composer, conductor, arranger and clarinetist (died 1985) July to September * 3 July – Charles Tillon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Léonard-Léopold Forgemol De Bostquénard
Léonard-Léopold Forgemol de Bostquénard (1821–1897) was a general in the French Army. Biography Léonard-Léopold Forgemol de Bostquénard was born on 17 September 1821 at Azerables, in the Creuse department and died on 28 November 1897 at Versailles. He graduated from the military school of Saint-Cyr in 1839 and was posted to Algeria in 1840 as an infantry lieutenant, eventually attaining the rank of colonel. At the start of the Franco-Prussian War, in 1870, he was recalled to France. Provisionally ranked as a brigadier general on January 30, 1871, he was made up to the permanent position in the following September. He commanded a subdivision of the department of Aisne with the subsidiary role of secretary of the War Council and in 1878, he was put in military command of the department of Seine-et-Oise. He was promoted to divisional general on March 4, 1879. An injury that he received during the war obliged him to wear a large silver plastron over his abdomen. He ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anthropologist
An anthropologist is a person engaged in the practice of anthropology. Anthropology is the study of aspects of humans within past and present societies. Social anthropology, cultural anthropology and philosophical anthropology study the norms and values of societies. Linguistic anthropology studies how language affects social life, while economic anthropology studies human economic behavior. Biological (physical), forensic and medical anthropology study the biological development of humans, the application of biological anthropology in a legal setting and the study of diseases and their impacts on humans over time, respectively. Education Anthropologists usually cover a breadth of topics within anthropology in their undergraduate education and then proceed to specialize in topics of their own choice at the graduate level. In some universities, a qualifying exam serves to test both the breadth and depth of a student's understanding of anthropology; the students who pass are pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis Laurent Gabriel De Mortillet
Louis Laurent Gabriel de Mortillet (29 August 1821 – 25 September 1898), French archaeologist and anthropologist, was born at Meylan, Isère. Biography Mortillet was educated at the Jesuit college of Chambéry and at the Paris Conservatoire. Becoming in 1847 proprietor of '' La Revue indépendante'', he was implicated in the Revolution of 1848 and sentenced to two years' imprisonment. He fled the country and during the next fifteen years lived abroad, chiefly in Italy. In 1858 he turned his attention to ethnological research, making a special study of the Swiss lake-dwellings. He also issued three works on the evidence for early man in North Italy, the third making a then unprecedented association with the Ice Age. He returned to Paris in 1863, and soon afterwards was appointed curator of the newly created Musée des Antiquités Nationales at Saint-Germain-en-Laye, with responsibility for the Stone Age collections. He became mayor of Saint-Germain-en-Laye, and in 1885 he was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1910 In France
This is a list of events from the year 1910 in France. Incumbents *President: Armand Fallières *President of the Council of Ministers: Aristide Briand Events *15 January – Constant rain in Paris causes the Seine to overflow its banks, flooding the city. All but one line of the Paris Métro becomes filled with water, effectively draining water from the city. *24 April – French legislative election held. *8 May – French legislative election held. *2 July – Demonstrations against public executions. *Cigarette brands Gauloises and Gitanes launched. *Champagne Riots begin. Sport *3 July – The eighth Tour de France begins. *31 July – Tour de France ends, won by Octave Lapize. Births January to March *10 January – Jean Martinon, conductor and composer (died 1976) *25 January – Henri Louveau, motor racing driver (died 1991) *9 February – Jacques Monod, biologist, awarded Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1965 (died 1976) *14 February – Pierre Marcilh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
