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1800 In Philosophy
1800 in philosophy Events Publications * Edmund Burke's '' Thoughts and Details on Scarcity'' (published posthumously) * Johann Gottlieb Fichte's '' The Vocation of Man'' * Elizabeth Hamilton's fictionalised '' Memoirs of Modern Philosophers'' * Immanuel Kant's , prepared by Gottlob Benjamin Jäsche * Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling's ''System of Transcendental Idealism'' () Births Deaths References {{Reflist Philosophy Philosophy (from , ) is the systematized study of general and fundamental questions, such as those about existence, reason, knowledge, values, mind, and language. Such questions are often posed as problems to be studied or resolved. Some ... 18th-century philosophy Philosophy by year ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edmund Burke
Edmund Burke (; 12 January NS.html"_;"title="New_Style.html"_;"title="/nowiki>New_Style">NS">New_Style.html"_;"title="/nowiki>New_Style">NS/nowiki>_1729_–_9_July_1797)_was_an_ NS.html"_;"title="New_Style.html"_;"title="/nowiki>New_Style">NS">New_Style.html"_;"title="/nowiki>New_Style">NS/nowiki>_1729_–_9_July_1797)_was_an_Anglo-Irish_people">Anglo-Irish_Politician.html" ;"title="Anglo-Irish_people.html" ;"title="New_Style">NS.html" ;"title="New_Style.html" ;"title="/nowiki>New Style">NS">New_Style.html" ;"title="/nowiki>New Style">NS/nowiki> 1729 – 9 July 1797) was an Anglo-Irish people">Anglo-Irish Politician">statesman, economist, and philosopher. Born in Dublin, Burke served as a member of Parliament (MP) between 1766 and 1794 in the House of Commons of Great Britain with the Whig Party. Burke was a proponent of underpinning virtues with manners in society and of the importance of religious institutions for the moral stability and good of the state. These views wer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thoughts And Details On Scarcity
''Thoughts and Details on Scarcity, Originally Presented to the Right Hon. William Pitt, in the month of November, 1795'' is a memorandum written by the Whig MP Edmund Burke to the Prime Minister of Great Britain William Pitt the Younger. It was published posthumously in 1800, along with an unfinished letter Burke was writing to the Secretary to the Board of Agriculture, Arthur Young. In the memorandum Burke claimed that it was not the government's responsibility to provide for the necessities of life and that labour is a commodity which will rise and fall according to the laws of supply and demand. Whenever people fall on hard times it should be left to private charity rather than state aid to alleviate their suffering. Burke further claimed that the laws of commerce were the laws of nature and therefore the laws of God. He accepted that there were exceptions to these rules and he set out what he believed should be the limits: That the State ought to confine itself to wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johann Gottlieb Fichte
Johann Gottlieb Fichte (; ; 19 May 1762 – 29 January 1814) was a German philosopher who became a founding figure of the philosophical movement known as German idealism, which developed from the theoretical and ethical writings of Immanuel Kant. Recently, philosophers and scholars have begun to appreciate Fichte as an important philosopher in his own right due to his original insights into the nature of self-consciousness or self-awareness. Fichte was also the originator of '' thesis–antithesis–synthesis'',"Review of '' Aenesidemus''""Rezension des Aenesidemus" ', 11–12 February 1794). Trans. Daniel Breazeale. In (See also: ''FTP'', p. 46; Breazeale 1980–81, pp. 545–68; Breazeale and Rockmore 1994, p. 19; Breazeale 2013, pp. 36–37; Waibel, Breazeale, Rockmore 2010, p. 157: "Fichte believes that the I must be grasped as the ''unity'' of synthesis and analysis.") an idea that is often erroneously attributed to Hegel. Like Descartes and Kant before him, Fichte was mot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Vocation Of Man
''The Vocation of Man'' (german: Die Bestimmung des Menschen) is a work by Johann Gottlieb Fichte Johann Gottlieb Fichte (; ; 19 May 1762 – 29 January 1814) was a German philosopher who became a founding figure of the philosophical movement known as German idealism, which developed from the theoretical and ethical writings of Immanuel Kan .... The work was originally published by Fichte in 1799 and translated into English by Jane Sinnett in 1846 and by William Smith in 1848. Fichte identifies three distinct stages in the development of faith: 1. Doubt, 2. Knowledge, 3. Faith. See also * Butterfly effect References External links ;Text in English ''The Destination of Man'' Sinnett translation, 1846 ''The Vocation of Man'' Smith translation, 1848 * ;Text in German ''Die Bestimmung des Menschen'' 1800 1799 non-fiction books Books by Johann Gottlieb Fichte Modern philosophical literature {{philo-book-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elizabeth Hamilton (writer)
Elizabeth Hamilton (1756 or 1758 – 23 July 1816) was a Scottish essayist, poet, satirist and novelist, who in both her prose and fiction entered into the French-revolutionary era controversy in Britain over the education and rights of women. Early life She was most probably born on 25 July 1756, though the date is often given as 1758. She was born in Belfast, the third and youngest child of Charles Hamilton (''d''.1759), a Scottish merchant, and his wife Katherine Mackay (''d''.1767). In Belfast Hamilton's parents were on familiar terms with the town's prominent "New Light" Presbyterian families and with their Scottish Enlightenment social and political ideas. Her later thoughts on child education were greatly influenced by David Manson's co-educational English Grammar School, which her older sister Katherine attended with other children from this progressive milieu. Manson advertised the school's capacity to teach children to read and understand the English tongue "without ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Memoirs Of Modern Philosophers
''Memoirs of Modern Philosophers'' is a novel by British author Elizabeth Hamilton published in 1800. Responding to the Revolution Controversy of the 1790s and the debates about what roles women should occupy in English society, the novel contends that a poor education limits women's opportunities while at the same time arguing they should limit their activities to the domestic sphere. It occupies a middle ground between the liberal arguments of novelists such as Mary Hays and the conservative arguments by writers such as Hannah More. Historical context ''Modern Philosophers'' was part of the Revolution Controversy of the 1790s, when Britons were debating “revolutionary ideas about a broader franchise, primogeniture, meritocracy, marriage and divorce”. The disenfranchised middle-class and other English Jacobins (so-called by their detractors) wanted “to force a redistribution of power and status” while the Loyalists, who had power, wanted to retain the status quo. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant (, , ; 22 April 1724 – 12 February 1804) was a German philosopher and one of the central Enlightenment thinkers. Born in Königsberg, Kant's comprehensive and systematic works in epistemology, metaphysics, ethics, and aesthetics have made him one of the most influential figures in modern Western philosophy. In his doctrine of transcendental idealism, Kant argued that space and time are mere "forms of intuition" which structure all experience, and therefore that, while " things-in-themselves" exist and contribute to experience, they are nonetheless distinct from the objects of experience. From this it follows that the objects of experience are mere "appearances", and that the nature of things as they are in themselves is unknowable to us. In an attempt to counter the skepticism he found in the writings of philosopher David Hume, he wrote the '' Critique of Pure Reason'' (1781/1787), one of his most well-known works. In it, he developed his theory of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling
Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling (; 27 January 1775 – 20 August 1854), later (after 1812) von Schelling, was a German philosopher. Standard histories of philosophy make him the midpoint in the development of German idealism, situating him between Johann Gottlieb Fichte, his mentor in his early years, and Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, his one-time university roommate, early friend, and later rival. Interpreting Schelling's philosophy is regarded as difficult because of its evolving nature. Schelling's thought in the main has been neglected, especially in the English-speaking world. An important factor in this was the ascendancy of Hegel, whose mature works portray Schelling as a mere footnote in the development of idealism. Schelling's '' Naturphilosophie'' also has been attacked by scientists for its tendency to analogize and lack of empirical orientation. However, some later philosophers have shown interest in re-examining Schelling's body of work. Life Early life Schel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
System Of Transcendental Idealism
''System of Transcendental Idealism'' (german: System des transcendentalen Idealismus) The ''System'' is a book by Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling published in 1800 – and available in an English translation first published in 1978. It has been called Schelling's most important early work,Tom Rockmore, ''Kant and Idealism'', Yale University Press, 2007, p. 72. and is best known in the English-speaking world for its influence on the poet and philosopher, Samuel Taylor Coleridge. In this work, Schelling offered an account of the origins of the world (nature or the empirical and phenomenal world), the Absolute (a kind of unconscious, pantheistic God) and the human self.Nicholas Reid, 'Coleridge and Schelling: The Missing Transcendental Deduction', ''Studies in Romanticism'' 33.3 (Fall 1994) 451-479; reprinted in ''Coleridge, Form and Symbol'', chapter 6, Ashgate, 2006. It is in some ways a neo-platonic argument, looking for a ‘first cause’ in an entity capable of self-inst ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1800
As of March 1 ( O.S. February 18), when the Julian calendar acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 12 days until February 28 ( O.S. February 16), 1900. Events * World population approaches the 1 billion milestone which it will attain in 1802. The population distribution by region: ** Africa: 107,000,000 ** Asia: 635,000,000 **China: 300–400,000,000 ** Europe: 203,000,000 ** Latin America: 24,000,000 ** Northern America: 7,000,000 ** Oceania: 2,000,000 January–March * January 1 ** Quasi-War: Action of 1 January 1800 – A naval battle off the coast of Haiti, between four United States merchant vessels escorted by naval schooner , and a squadron of armed barges manned by Haitian pirates (known as picaroons), under the command of general André Rigaud, ends indecisively. ** The Dutch East India Company dissolves. * February 7 – A public plebiscite in Fra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
18th-century Philosophy
This is a timeline of the 18th century in philosophy Events *The Age of Enlightenment Publications *''The Lives of the Ancient Philosophers'' (London, 1702) *Mary Astell, ''Moderation Truly Stated'' (London, 1704) * Giambattista Vico, ''The New Science'' (1725) * David Hume, ''A Treatise of Human Nature'' (1739-1740) Births * Jonathan Edwards was born in 1703. * 2 April 1725 - Giacomo Casanova (died 1798) Deaths *John Locke died in 1704.John Locke (1632-1704): Political Theorist, Philosopher, Physician, Polymath. Durham University Library. 1990Google Books/ref> See also *List of centuries in philosophy The following entries cover events related to the study of philosophy which occurred in the listed year or century. Centuries * 11th century in philosophy * 12th century in philosophy * 13th century in philosophy * 14th century in philosophy * 15 ... References *Aaron Garrett. The Routledge Companion to Eighteenth Century Philosophy. Routledge. London and New York. 2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
