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1654 In England
Events from the year 1654 in England. Incumbents * Lord Protector – Oliver Cromwell * Parliament – First Protectorate (starting 3 September) Events * 20 March – establishment of Commission of Triers which will fill empty Anglican benefices with Puritan ministers. * 5 April – signing of the Treaty of Westminster ends the First Anglo-Dutch War, and the Dutch agree to observe the Navigation Acts. * 11 April – Anglo-Swedish alliance: A commercial treaty between England and Sweden is signed. * 12 April – Oliver Cromwell creates a union between England and Scotland, with Scottish representation in the Parliament of England. * 10 July – Peter Vowell and John Gerard are executed in London for plotting to assassinate Cromwell. * August – Cromwell launches the 'Western Design', an expedition to the Caribbean to counter Spanish commercial interests, effectively beginning the Anglo-Spanish War (which will last until after the Restoration in 1660). The main fleet leaves Po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1654
Events January–March * January 6– In India, Jaswant Singh of Marwar (in what is now the state of Rajasthan) is elevated to the title of Maharaja by Emperor Shah Jahan. * January 11– In the Battle of Río Bueno in southern Chile during the Arauco War, the indigenous Huilliche warriors rout Spanish troops from Fort Nacimiento who are attempting to cross the Bueno River. * January 26– Portugal recaptures the South American city of Recife from the Netherlands after a siege of more than two years during the Dutch-Portuguese War, bringing an end to Dutch rule of what is now Brazil. The Dutch West India Company had held the city (which they called Mauritsstad) for more than 23 years. * February 9– Spanish troops led by Don Gabriel de Rojas y Figueroa successfully attack the Fort de Rocher, a pirate-controlled base on the Caribbean island of Tortuga. * February 10– The Battle of Tullich takes place in Aberdeenshire in Scotland during Gle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Western Design
The Western Design is the term commonly used for an English expedition against the Spanish West Indies during the 1654 to 1660 Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660), Anglo-Spanish War. Part of an ambitious plan by Oliver Cromwell to end Spanish dominance in the Americas, the force was short of supplies and many of the men poorly trained. Leadership was split between Robert Venables, commander of land forces, and Admiral William Penn (Royal Navy officer), William Penn; the relationship between the two quickly broke down, and they regarded each other with distrust and suspicion. An attack on the main target of Captaincy General of Santo Domingo, Hispaniola, the island which now holds Haiti and the Dominican Republic, was repulsed in April 1655, the English suffering heavy losses from disease. In May, they captured the weakly-defended island of Invasion of Jamaica, Jamaica, but overall the expedition failed to achieve its goals. Venables and Penn hurried back to England on separate sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Talbot, 10th Earl Of Shrewsbury
John Talbot, 10th Earl of Shrewsbury, 10th Earl of Waterford (1601 – 8 February 1654), was an English nobleman. Life He was the only child and son of John Talbot of Longford, Newport, Shropshire (died London, 1607 or c. 1607), and his wife Eleanor Baskerville, daughter of Sir Thomas Baskerville of Wolvershill, Herefordshire, and of Brinsop, Herefordshire, and paternal grandson of Sir John Talbot of Grafton and Catherine or Katharine Petre. He remained in his family's Roman Catholic faith and took part on the side of King Charles I in the English Civil War. He was First Commissioner of Advice for the counties of Worcestershire, Shropshire and Staffordshire in 1644/45, and he served on the Royalist garrison at Worcester when it surrendered to Parliament in July 1646. In 1647 his estates were sequestered and compounded by Parliament on grounds of his being a "Papist and delinquent" (i.e. Catholic and royalist). In September 1651 he accompanied Charles II when he fled after d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicholas Culpeper
Nicholas Culpeper (18 October 1616 – 10 January 1654) was an English botanist, herbalist, physician and astrologer.Patrick Curry: "Culpeper, Nicholas (1616–1654)", ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford, UK: OUP, 2004) His book ''The English Physician'' (1652, later ''Complete Herbal'', 1653 ff.) is a source of pharmaceutical and herbal lore of the time, and ''Astrological Judgement of Diseases from the Decumbiture of the Sick'' (1655) one of the most detailed works on medical astrology in Early Modern Europe. Culpeper catalogued hundreds of outdoor medicinal herbs. He scolded contemporaries for some of the methods they used in herbal medicine: "This not being pleasing, and less profitable to me, I consulted with my two brothers, and , and took a voyage to visit my mother , by whose advice, together with the help of , I at last obtained my desire; and, being warned by , a stranger in our days, to publish it to the world, I have done it." Culpeper came from a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Bellers
John Bellers (1654 – 8 February 1725) was an England, English educational theorist and Quaker, author of ''Proposals for Raising a College of Industry of All Useful Trades and Husbandry'' (1695). Life Bellers was born in London, the son of the Quaker Francis Bellers and Mary Read. Unable to attend a university or join a profession as a result of his religion, John was educated as an apprentice cloth merchant. He rapidly became active in meetings and in the Quaker community as a whole, purchasing of land in Pennsylvania in 1685 for Huguenot refugees and for many other purposes . William Penn was a close friend. He married a fellow Quaker, Frances Fettiplace, in 1686, and they had six children between the years 1687 and 1695, although one died shortly after birth. From 1695 to his death in 1725, he was continually involved in writing innovative articles on social issues, including education, health sector, care for the poor, support for refugees, a plan for a European state, and a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Onslow, 1st Baron Onslow
Richard Onslow, 1st Baron Onslow PC (23 June 1654 – 5 December 1717), known as Sir Richard Onslow, 2nd Baronet from 1688 until 1716, was a British Whig politician who sat in the English and British House of Commons from 1679 to 1715. He was Speaker of the House of Commons from 1708 to 1710 and Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1714 to 1715. Onslow was a very unpopular figure amongst members of both political parties, particularly during his time as Speaker. He was extremely pedantic and showed an absolute devotion to principle, as a result, he was given the nickname "Stiff Dick". Onslow's father, Arthur, was a politician, as was his maternal grandfather Thomas Foote, who had served as the Lord Mayor of London in 1649. He was born in Surrey and matriculated at St Edmund Hall, Oxford on 7 June 1671, before being called to the Inner Temple. He entered Parliament as the Member for Guildford in 1679 before he could be called to the bar. One of Onslow's first actions as a member of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Blount (deist)
Charles Blount (27 April 1654 – August 1693) was an English deist and philosopher who published several anonymous essays critical of the existing English order. Life Blount was born in Upper Holloway, Islington, Middlesex, the fourth son of Sir Henry Blount. His father educated him at home and exposed him to freethinking philosophy. In 1672 Charles inherited lands in Islington and the estate of Blount's Hall in Staffordshire. He married Eleanor Tyrrell in Westminster Abbey at the end of 1672; they had three sons and a daughter. Throughout his life he remained at Blount's Hall as a leisured gentleman, although he also travelled to London to participate in courtly life. Blount's publications were consistently anonymous or written under a pseudonym, and with a radical or Whig slant. In 1673 he wrote ''Mr Dreyden Vindicated'', defending John Dryden's ''The Conquest of Granada'' from Richard Leigh's attacks. In 1673 he also penned the anonymous ''The Friendly Vindication.'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elizabeth Monck, Duchess Of Albemarle
Elizabeth Monck, Duchess of Albemarle (22 February 1654 – 11 September 1734), later Elizabeth Montagu, Duchess of Montagu, was the eldest daughter of Henry Cavendish, 2nd Duke of Newcastle, and his wife, Frances Pierrepont (1630–1695; daughter of the Hon. William Pierrepont). Lady Elizabeth Cavendish married Christopher Monck (later Duke of Albemarle) on 30 December 1669 at Whitehall, London. She went with her husband to Jamaica when he was appointed Lieutenant Governor in 1687; there Monck amassed a small fortune, which Elizabeth acquired and brought with her back to England upon his death in the following year (1688). Elizabeth was given the epithet of "the Mad Duchess of Albemarle" -- viz. she declared that she would only marry into royalty and was convinced that the Kangxi Emperor of Qing Dynasty China wished to marry her. Her sister-in-law Elizabeth's stepfather, the Duke of Montagu -- suitably dressed as the Emperor of China -- asked for her hand in marriage and they ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Blackmore
Sir Richard Blackmore (22 January 1654 – 9 October 1729), English poet and physician, is remembered primarily as the object of satire and as an epic poet, but he was also a respected medical doctor and theologian. Earlier years He was born at Corsham, in Wiltshire, the son of a wealthy attorney. He was educated briefly at Westminster School and entered St Edmund Hall, Oxford, in 1669 at 15. He received his Bachelor of Arts in 1674 and his MA in 1676. He was a tutor at the college for a time, but in 1682 he received his inheritance from his father. He used the money to travel. He went to France, Geneva, and various places in Italy. He stayed for a while in Padua and graduated in medicine at Padua. Blackmore returned to England via Germany and Holland, and then he set up as a physician. In 1685 he married Mary Adams, whose family connections aided him in winning a place in the Royal College of Physicians in 1687. He had trouble with the College, being censured for taking lea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joshua Barnes
Joshua Barnes FRS (10 January 1654 – 3 August 1712), was an English scholar. His work ''Gerania; a New Discovery of a Little Sort of People, anciently discoursed of, called Pygmies'' (1675) was an Utopian romance.LeTellier (1997), p. 186. Life and work Barnes was born in London, the son of Edward Barnes, a merchant taylor. Educated at Christ's Hospital and Emmanuel College, Cambridge, he was chosen in 1695 as Regius Professor of Greek, a language which he wrote and spoke with facility. One of his early publications was ''Gerania; a New Discovery of a Little Sort of People, anciently discoursed of, called Pygmies'' (1675), a whimsical sketch, to which Swift's ''Voyage to Lilliput'' may owe something. Among his other works is a ''History of that Most Victorious Monarch Edward III'' (1688), an epic of over 900 pages, which inserts elaborate speeches into the narrative. He also produced editions of Euripides (1694), Homer (1711), and Anacreon (1705), of which the last contains tit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Portsmouth
Portsmouth ( ) is a port and city in the ceremonial county of Hampshire in southern England. The city of Portsmouth has been a unitary authority since 1 April 1997 and is administered by Portsmouth City Council. Portsmouth is the most densely populated city in the United Kingdom, with a population last recorded at 208,100. Portsmouth is located south-west of London and south-east of Southampton. Portsmouth is mostly located on Portsea Island; the only English city not on the mainland of Great Britain. Portsea Island has the third highest population in the British Isles after the islands of Great Britain and Ireland. Portsmouth also forms part of the regional South Hampshire conurbation, which includes the city of Southampton and the boroughs of Eastleigh, Fareham, Gosport, Havant and Waterlooville. Portsmouth is one of the world's best known ports, its history can be traced to Roman times and has been a significant Royal Navy dockyard and base for centuries. Portsm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1660 In England
Events from the year 1660 in England. This is the year of Restoration. Incumbents * Monarch – Charles II (starting 29 May) * Parliament – Second Commonwealth Rump (until 20 February), Commonwealth Long (starting 21 February, until 16 March), Convention of 1660 (starting 25 April, until 29 December) Events * 1 January ** Colonel George Monck with his regiment crosses from Scotland to England at the village of Coldstream and advances towards London in support of English Restoration. ** Samuel Pepys begins his diary. * 3 February – George Monck and his regiment arrive in London. * February – John Rhodes reopens the old Cockpit Theatre in London, forms a company of young actors and begins to stage plays. His production of ''Pericles'' will be the first Shakespearean performance of the Restoration era; Thomas Betterton makes his stage debut in the title role. * 21 February – Presbyterian Members of Parliament expelled in 1648 are readmitted. * 27 February – John Thu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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