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1566 In Science
The year 1566 in science and technology included many events, some of which are listed here. Biology * Rembert Dodoens publishes at Antwerp. Civil engineering * 1566–67 – Completion of "Stari Most" bridge crossing the Neretva at Mostar by the Ottoman Empire (builder: Mimar Hayruddin). * Autumn – Probable completion of the Exeter Canal, the first in England, and with the first use of a pound lock in England (engineer: John Trew of Glamorgan). Navigation * Pedro Nunes' work on navigation, ''Petri Nonii Salaciensis Opera'', is published. Events * December 29 – Danish astronomer Tycho Brahe, while studying at the University of Rostock in Mecklenburg, loses part of his nose in a duel with fellow nobleman and relation Manderup Parsberg over a mathematical formula. Births * Giuseppe Biancani, Italian astronomer (died 1624) * Jan Jesenius, Slovak physician (died 1621) * Michal Sedziwój, Polish alchemist (died 1636) * Caterina Vitale, Maltese pharmacist (died 1619) D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Science
Science is a systematic endeavor that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe. Science may be as old as the human species, and some of the earliest archeological evidence for scientific reasoning is tens of thousands of years old. The earliest written records in the history of science come from Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia in around 3000 to 1200 BCE. Their contributions to mathematics, astronomy, and medicine entered and shaped Greek natural philosophy of classical antiquity, whereby formal attempts were made to provide explanations of events in the physical world based on natural causes. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, knowledge of Greek conceptions of the world deteriorated in Western Europe during the early centuries (400 to 1000 CE) of the Middle Ages, but was preserved in the Muslim world during the Islamic Golden Age and later by the efforts of Byzantine Greek scholars who brought Greek ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Rostock
The University of Rostock (german: link=no, Universität Rostock) is a public university located in Rostock, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. Founded in 1419, it is the third-oldest university in Germany. It is the oldest university in continental northern Europe and the Baltic Sea area, and 8th oldest in Central Europe. It was the 5th university established in the Holy Roman Empire. The university has been associated with five Nobel laureates: Albrecht Kossel, Karl von Frisch, Otto Stern, Pascual Jordan, and Walter H. Schottky. It is a member of the European University Association. According to a ranking published by ''Times Higher Education'' in 2018, it is the most beautiful university in Germany and the fourth most beautiful university in all of Europe. The language of instruction is usually German and English for some postgraduate studies. History The university was founded in 1419 by confirmation of Pope Martin V and thus is one of the oldest universities in Northern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1636 In Science
The year 1636 in science and technology involved some significant events. Mathematics * Pierre de Fermat begins to circulate his work in analytic geometry in manuscript. * Muhammad Baqir Yazdi and René Descartes independently discover the pair of amicable numbers 9,363,584 and 9,437,056. Physics * Marin Mersenne publishes his '' Traité de l'harmonie universelle'', containing Mersenne's laws describing the frequency of oscillation of a stretched string. Publications * Daniel Schwenter publishes ''Delicia Physic-Mathematicae'', including a description of a quill pen with an ink reservoir. Births * Father Jacques Marquette, French explorer (died 1675) * December 26 – Justine Siegemund, German midwife (died 1705) Deaths * February 22 – Sanctorius, Italian physiologist (born 1561) * Louise Bourgeois Boursier, French Royal midwife (born 1563) * Michal Sedziwój, Polish alchemist (born 1566 __NOTOC__ Year 1566 ( MDLXVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alchemist
Alchemy (from Arabic: ''al-kīmiyā''; from Ancient Greek: χυμεία, ''khumeía'') is an ancient branch of natural philosophy, a philosophical and protoscience, protoscientific tradition that was historically practiced in Chinese alchemy, China, Rasayana, India, the Alchemy and chemistry in medieval Islam, Muslim world, and Europe. In its Western form, alchemy is first attested in a number of pseudepigraphical texts written in Egypt (Roman province), Greco-Roman Egypt during the first few centuries AD.Principe, Lawrence M. The secrets of alchemy'. University of Chicago Press, 2012, pp. 9–14. Alchemists attempted to purify, mature, and perfect certain materials. Common aims were chrysopoeia, the transmutation of "base metals" (e.g., lead) into "noble metals" (particularly gold); the creation of an Elixir of life, elixir of immortality; and the creation of Panacea (medicine), panaceas able to cure any disease. The perfection of the human body and soul was thought to result f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish People
Poles,, ; singular masculine: ''Polak'', singular feminine: ''Polka'' or Polish people, are a West Slavic nation and ethnic group, who share a common history, culture, the Polish language and are identified with the country of Poland in Central Europe. The preamble to the Constitution of the Republic of Poland defines the Polish nation as comprising all the citizens of Poland, regardless of heritage or ethnicity. The majority of Poles adhere to Roman Catholicism. The population of self-declared Poles in Poland is estimated at 37,394,000 out of an overall population of 38,512,000 (based on the 2011 census), of whom 36,522,000 declared Polish alone. A wide-ranging Polish diaspora (the '' Polonia'') exists throughout Europe, the Americas, and in Australasia. Today, the largest urban concentrations of Poles are within the Warsaw and Silesian metropolitan areas. Ethnic Poles are considered to be the descendants of the ancient West Slavic Lechites and other tribes that inhabite ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michal Sedziwój
Michael Sendivogius (; pl, Michał Sędziwój; 2 February 1566 – 1636) was a Polish alchemist, philosopher, and medical doctor. A pioneer of chemistry, he developed ways of purification and creation of various acids, metals and other chemical compounds. He discovered that air is not a single substance and contains a life-giving substance—later called oxygen—170 years before Scheele's discovery of the element. He correctly identified this 'food of life' with the gas (also oxygen) given off by heating nitre (saltpetre). This substance, the 'central nitre', had a central position in Sendivogius' schema of the universe. Biography Little is known of his early life: he was born in a noble family that was part of the Clan of Ostoja. His father sent him to study in university of Kraków but Sendivogius visited also most of the European countries and universities; he studied at Vienna, Altdorf, Leipzig and Cambridge. His acquaintances included John Dee and Edward Kelley. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1621 In Science
The year 1621 in science and technology involved some significant events. Astronomy * Johann Schreck (1576–1630), also known as Johannes Schreck, Terrenz or Terrentius, introduces the telescope to China. Botany * The University of Oxford Botanic Garden, the oldest botanical garden in Great Britain, is founded as a physic garden by Henry Danvers, 1st Earl of Danby. Medicine * Robert Burton publishes his treatise ''The Anatomy of Melancholy''. Physics * Willebrord Snellius formulates Snell's law on refraction. Technology * A simple microscope is developed. * Cornelius Vermuyden begins reclamation of Canvey Island in England. Births * January 27 – Thomas Willis, English physician who contributes to knowledge of the nervous and cardiovascular systems (died 1675) Deaths * July 2 – Thomas Harriot, English ethnographer, astronomer and mathematician (born c. 1560) * September 1 – Bahāʾ al-dīn al-ʿĀmilī, Arab philosopher and astronomer (born 1547) * Jan Jesenius, Slo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Physician
A physician (American English), medical practitioner (Commonwealth English), medical doctor, or simply doctor, is a health professional who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring health through the study, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of disease, injury, and other physical and mental impairments. Physicians may focus their practice on certain disease categories, types of patients, and methods of treatment—known as specialities—or they may assume responsibility for the provision of continuing and comprehensive medical care to individuals, families, and communities—known as general practice. Medical practice properly requires both a detailed knowledge of the academic disciplines, such as anatomy and physiology, underlying diseases and their treatment—the ''science'' of medicine—and also a decent competence in its applied practice—the art or ''craft'' of medicine. Both the role of the physician and the meaning ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slovaks
The Slovaks ( sk, Slováci, singular: ''Slovák'', feminine: ''Slovenka'', plural: ''Slovenky'') are a West Slavic ethnic group and nation native to Slovakia who share a common ancestry, culture, history and speak Slovak. In Slovakia, 4.4 million are ethnic Slovaks of 5.4 million total population. There are Slovak minorities in many neighboring countries including Austria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Serbia and Ukraine and sizeable populations of immigrants and their descendants in Australia, Canada, France, Germany, United Kingdom and the United States among others, which are collectively referred to as the Slovak diaspora. Name The name ''Slovak'' is derived from ''*Slověninъ'', plural ''*Slověně'', the old name of the Slavs (Proglas, around 863). The original stem has been preserved in all Slovak words except the masculine noun; the feminine noun is ''Slovenka'', the adjective is ''slovenský'', the language is ''slovenčina'' and the country ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Jesenius
Jan Jesenius, also written as Jessenius (german: Johannes Jessenius, hu, Jeszenszky János, sk, Ján Jesenský; December 27, 1566 – June 21, 1621), was a Bohemian physician, politician and philosopher. Life Early years He was from an old noble family, the House of Jeszenszky, originally from the Kingdom of Hungary. He presented himself in his own works as ''eques Ungarus'' ("Hungarian knight"). According to scholar publications, he had Slovak, Polish or GermanBalázs Trencsényi, Márton Zászkaliczky: ''Whose Love of Which Country?'', Brill, 201/ref> roots. His father, Boldizsár Jeszenszky de Nagyjeszen, left Turóc County (today the Turiec region in Slovakia) because of the Ottomans' military campaign against Upper Hungary and settled down in Silesia in 1555. He married Marta Schülerin, who came from a wealthy German bourgeois family. Jesenius was born in Breslau (Wrocław), where he studied at the Elisabeth gymnasium. From 1583 he studied at the University of Wittenbe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1624 In Science
The year 1624 in science and technology involved some significant events. Astronomy * Jakob Bartsch's star atlas is the first to depict six recently discovered constellations, including Camelopardalis around the North Star. Exploration * July or August – Portuguese Jesuit priest António de Andrade becomes the first European to enter Tibet. Mathematics * Henry Briggs publishes ''Arithmetica Logarithmica''. * Edmund Gunter produces ''The description and use of sector, the cross-staffe, and other instruments for such as are studious of mathematical practise'', notable for being published in English as a practical text. Medicine * Adriaan van den Spiegel, in ', gives the first comprehensive description of malaria. Technology * 12 September – Cornelis Drebbel demonstrates his third submarine on the River Thames in England. * The 15-arch Berwick Bridge in Great Britain by James Burrell is opened to traffic. Events * 25 May – The Parliament of England passes the Statute of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Astronomer
An astronomer is a scientist in the field of astronomy who focuses their studies on a specific question or field outside the scope of Earth. They observe astronomical objects such as stars, planets, natural satellite, moons, comets and galaxy, galaxies – in either observational astronomy, observational (by analyzing the data) or theoretical astronomy. Examples of topics or fields astronomers study include planetary science, Sun, solar astronomy, the Star formation, origin or stellar evolution, evolution of stars, or the galaxy formation and evolution, formation of galaxies. A related but distinct subject is physical cosmology, which studies the Universe as a whole. Types Astronomers usually fall under either of two main types: observational astronomy, observational and theoretical astronomy, theoretical. Observational astronomers make direct observations of Astronomical object, celestial objects and analyze the data. In contrast, theoretical astronomers create and investigate C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
