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147th Mixed Brigade
The 147th Mixed Brigade was a unit of the Spanish Republican Army that participated in the Spanish Civil War, deployed on the Andalusia front. History The unit was created on May 1, 1937 from troops from the old Maroto Column and recruits from the reserves. The first commander of the 147th MB was Francisco Maroto del Ojo, former commander of the Maroto column. Subsequently, the unit was assigned to the 23rd Division. For most of the war, the brigade did not intervene in relevant military operations. On March 20, 1938, it intervened in a small attack that sought to regain lost positions near Higuera de Calatrava, although the attempt failed. A few months later, on November 19, one of its battalions stormed a nationalist position. The 147th MB disappeared with the end of the war, in March 1939. Command ; Commanders * Francisco Maroto del Ojo; * Mariano Elipe Rabadán; * José Zarco Martínez; ; Commissars * Antonio Vázquez Vázquez See also * Maroto Column The Marot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
May 1937
The following events occurred in May 1937: May 1, 1937 (Saturday) *26,000 London bus drivers went on strike. *The Siege of Santuario de Nuestra Señora de la Cabeza ended in Republican victory. *The Neutrality Act of 1937 became legally binding for all American citizens. Only oil and nonmilitary vehicles were excluded. *Sunderland defeated Preston North End 3-1 in the FA Cup Final at Wembley Stadium. *The Order of the German Eagle was created in Nazi Germany. *Born: Una Stubbs, actress and dancer, in Welwyn Garden City, England (d. 2021) *Died: Snitz Edwards, 69?, Hungarian-born American actor May 2, 1937 (Sunday) *Austrian police raided the headquarters of the Nazi Party in Vienna, finding evidence of collaboration between German and Austrian Nazis, as well as propaganda hostile to the Austrian government. *Born: Gisela Elsner, writer, in Nuremberg, Germany (d. 1992); Lorenzo Music, actor, television producer and musician, in Brooklyn, New York (d. 2001) May 3, 1937 (Monday) * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
23rd Division (Spain)
23rd Division may refer to: Infantry divisions * Finnish 23rd Division (Winter War), part of Finnish II Corps * 23rd Division (German Empire) * 23rd Reserve Division (German Empire) * 23rd Infantry Division (Wehrmacht) * 23rd ''Waffen'' Mountain Division of the SS ''Kama'' (2nd Croatian), Germany * 23rd Infantry Division (India) * 23rd Infantry Division Ferrara, Kingdom of Italy * 23rd Division (Imperial Japanese Army) * 23rd Infantry Division (Poland) * 23rd Infantry Division (Ottoman Empire) * 23rd Division (South Vietnam) * 23rd Division (United Kingdom) * 23rd (Northumbrian) Division, United Kingdom * 23rd Infantry Division (United States) * 23rd Takavar Division (Iranian Army) Armoured divisions * 23rd Panzer Division (Wehrmacht) * 23rd SS Volunteer Panzer Grenadier Division ''Nederland'' Cavalry divisions * 23rd Cavalry Division (United States) Aviation divisions * 23rd Air Division (United States) See also * 23rd Brigade (other) 23rd Brigade may re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Units And Formations Disestablished In 1939
A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. It is typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with its members identifiable by their distinct military uniform. It may consist of one or more military branches such as an army, navy, air force, space force, marines, or coast guard. The main task of the military is usually defined as defence of the state and its interests against external armed threats. In broad usage, the terms ''armed forces'' and ''military'' are often treated as synonymous, although in technical usage a distinction is sometimes made in which a country's armed forces may include both its military and other paramilitary forces. There are various forms of irregular military forces, not belonging to a recognized state; though they share many attributes with regular military forces, they are less often referred to as simply ''military''. A nation's military may ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Units And Formations Established In 1937
A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. It is typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with its members identifiable by their distinct military uniform. It may consist of one or more military branches such as an army, navy, air force, space force, marines, or coast guard. The main task of the military is usually defined as defence of the state and its interests against external armed threats. In broad usage, the terms ''armed forces'' and ''military'' are often treated as synonymous, although in technical usage a distinction is sometimes made in which a country's armed forces may include both its military and other paramilitary forces. There are various forms of irregular military forces, not belonging to a recognized state; though they share many attributes with regular military forces, they are less often referred to as simply ''military''. A nation's military may f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mixed Brigades
Mixed brigade ( es, brigada mixta) was a basic tactical military unit of the Republican army during the Spanish Civil War. It was initially designed as “pocket division”, an innovative maneuverable combined-arms formation. Because of high saturation with specialized troops and services it would have resembled a division, but in terms of manpower it would have been much smaller and amount to some 3,700 men. Shortages of career officers and NCOs plus inability to provide arms and equipment needed rendered the original mixed brigade pattern unworkable. The Republican general staff kept redrafting the scheme with decreasing proportion of non-infantry sub-units, though even these arrangements proved impossible to implement. Most of 188 mixed brigades raised during the war were closer to the infantry regiment blueprint. Assumptions about nature of the warfare which gave rise to the mixed brigade concept were largely correct. However, the Republic could not have afforded such high ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nationalist Faction (Spanish Civil War)
The Nationalist faction ( es, Bando nacional) or Rebel faction ( es, Bando sublevado) was a major faction in the Spanish Civil War of 1936 to 1939. It was composed of a variety of right-leaning political groups that supported the Spanish Coup of July 1936 against the Second Spanish Republic and Republican faction and sought to depose Manuel Azaña, including the Falange, the CEDA, and two rival monarchist claimants: the Alfonsist Renovación Española and the Carlist Traditionalist Communion. In 1937, all the groups were merged into the FET y de las JONS. After the death of the faction's early leaders, General Francisco Franco, one of the members of the 1936 coup, would head the Nationalists throughout most of the war and emerge as the dictator of Spain until his death in 1975. The term Nationalists or Nationals () was coined by Joseph Goebbels following the visit of the clandestine Spanish delegation led by Captain Francisco Arranz requesting war material on 24 July 1936, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
November 19
Events Pre-1600 * 461 – Libius Severus is declared emperor of the Western Roman Empire. The real power is in the hands of the ''magister militum'' Ricimer. * 636 – The Rashidun Caliphate defeats the Sasanian Empire at the Battle of al-Qādisiyyah in Iraq. * 1493 – Christopher Columbus goes ashore on an island called Borinquen he first saw the day before. He names it San Juan Bautista (later renamed again Puerto Rico). 1601–1900 * 1794 – The United States and the Kingdom of Great Britain sign Jay's Treaty, which attempts to resolve some of the lingering problems left over from the American Revolutionary War. * 1802 – The Garinagu arrive at British Honduras (present-day Belize). * 1808 – Finnish War: The Convention of Olkijoki in Raahe ends hostilities in Finland. *1816 – Warsaw University is established. * 1847 – The second Canadian railway line, the Montreal and Lachine Railroad, is opened. * 1863 – American Civil War: U.S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Higuera De Calatrava
Higuera de Calatrava is a municipality in the province of Jaén, Spain , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , i .... References Municipalities in the Province of Jaén (Spain) {{andalusia-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1938
Events January * January 1 ** The Constitution of Estonia#Third Constitution (de facto 1938–1940, de jure 1938–1992), new constitution of Estonia enters into force, which many consider to be the ending of the Era of Silence and the authoritarian regime. ** state-owned enterprise, State-owned railway networks are created by merger, in France (SNCF) and the Netherlands (Nederlandse Spoorwegen – NS). * January 20 – King Farouk of Egypt marries Safinaz Zulficar, who becomes Farida of Egypt, Queen Farida, in Cairo. * January 27 – The Honeymoon Bridge (Niagara Falls), Honeymoon Bridge at Niagara Falls, New York, collapses as a result of an ice jam. February * February 4 ** Adolf Hitler abolishes the War Ministry and creates the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (High Command of the Armed Forces), giving him direct control of the German military. In addition, he dismisses political and military leaders considered unsympathetic to his philosophy or policies. Gene ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
March 20
Events Pre-1600 * 673 – Emperor Emperor Tenmu, Tenmu of Japan assumes the Chrysanthemum Throne at the Asuka, Yamato#Imperial Palaces, Palace of Kiyomihara in Asuka, Yamato, Asuka. *1206 – Michael IV of Constantinople, Michael IV Autoreianos is appointed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople. *1600 – The Linköping Bloodbath takes place on Maundy Thursday in Linköping, Sweden: five Swedish noblemen are public execution, publicly beheaded in the aftermath of the War against Sigismund (1598–1599). 1601–1900 *1602 – The Dutch East India Company is established. *1616 – Sir Walter Raleigh is freed from the Tower of London after 13 years of imprisonment. *1760 – The Great Boston Fire of 1760 destroys 349 buildings. *1815 – After escaping from Elba, Napoleon enters Paris with a regular army of 140,000 and a volunteer force of around 200,000, beginning his "Hundred Days" rule. *1848 – German revolutions of 1848–49: Monarch, King Lu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francisco Maroto Del Ojo
Francisco Maroto del Ojo (15 March 1906, in Granada – 12 July 1940, in Alicante) was an Andalusian anarchist who was a prominent member of the National Confederation of Labor ( es, Confederación Nacional del Trabajo, CNT). Biography Youth He was born in the Granada neighborhood of Albaicín in 1906. From an early age he dedicated himself to cabinetmaking, taking an active role as leader of the lumber union. After joining the National Confederation of Labor (CNT) he was an organizer of the CNT in the province of Granada, taking part in rallies in places like Granada, Madrid or Motril. Due to his activity he was detained on several occasions. One of his best-known arrests was due to the burning of the newspaper ''Ideal'' —which had supported the attempted coup by Sanjurjo. In 1935 he left the Granadan capital and moved to Alicante. Civil War At the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War in Alicante he founded the Maroto Column, initially composed of 270 anarcho-syndicalist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
March 1939
The following events occurred in March 1939: March 1, 1939 (Wednesday) *A munitions dump exploded in Hirakata, Osaka, Japan. Early estimates put the dead at over 200 people dead and almost 500 wounded. *The Papal conclave to elect a new pope began. *The drama film '' The Little Princess'' starring Shirley Temple premiered at Grauman's Chinese Theatre in Hollywood. *Born: Leo Brouwer, composer and guitarist, in Havana, Cuba March 2, 1939 (Thursday) *Cardinal Secretary of State Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli was elected the new pope. He took the name of Pius XII. *France named 82-year-old Philippe Pétain as the ambassador to Francoist Spain. *A book titled '' The Strange Death of Adolf Hitler'' was published in the United States, immediately drawing worldwide attention. Written anonymously, the book claimed that high officials within the Nazi Party assassinated Hitler the night before the Munich Conference by arranging for his omelette to be poisoned. The book claimed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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