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12th Amurskaya Rifle Division
The 12th Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Red Army, formed twice. The division's first formation fought in the Russian Civil War and Polish–Soviet War. It was disbanded in 1921. The division formed again in 1923 at Omsk and spent World War II in Siberia. It participated in the Soviet invasion of Manchuria and was converted into a motor rifle division in 1957. History First formation The division was formed on 22 October 1918 from the 1st Voronezh Infantry Division. It fought on the Southern Front of the Russian Civil War. In December 1919, it fought in the Donbass Operation as part of the 1st Cavalry Army. After fighting in the Kuban campaign in February and March 1920, the division was sent to the Western Front in April. Between May and August, it fought in the Polish–Soviet War, participating in the Battle of Warsaw. In November it transferred to Ukraine and fought against Symon Petliura's army. The division was given the honorific "on behalf of the P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Army
The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (Russian: Рабо́че-крестья́нская Кра́сная армия),) often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and, after 1922, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The army was established in January 1918. The Bolsheviks raised an army to oppose the military confederations (especially the various groups collectively known as the White Army) of their adversaries during the Russian Civil War. Starting in February 1946, the Red Army, along with the Soviet Navy, embodied the main component of the Soviet Armed Forces; taking the official name of "Soviet Army", until its dissolution in 1991. The Red Army provided the largest land force in the Allied victory in the European theatre of World War II, and its invasion of Manchuria assisted the unconditional surrender of Imperial Japan. During operations on the Eastern Front, it accounted for 75–80% of casual ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
18th Rifle Corps
18 (eighteen) is the natural number following 17 and preceding 19. In mathematics * Eighteen is a composite number, its divisors being 1, 2, 3, 6 and 9. Three of these divisors (3, 6 and 9) add up to 18, hence 18 is a semiperfect number. Eighteen is the first inverted square-prime of the form ''p''·''q''2. * In base ten, it is a Harshad number. * It is an abundant number, as the sum of its proper divisors is greater than itself (1+2+3+6+9 = 21). It is known to be a solitary number, despite not being coprime to this sum. * It is the number of one-sided pentominoes. * It is the only number where the sum of its written digits in base 10 (1+8 = 9) is equal to half of itself (18/2 = 9). * It is a Fine number. In science Chemistry * Eighteen is the atomic number of argon. * Group 18 of the periodic table is called the noble gases. * The 18-electron rule is a rule of thumb in transition metal chemistry for characterising and predicting the stability of metal complexes. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Howitzer
A howitzer () is a long- ranged weapon, falling between a cannon (also known as an artillery gun in the United States), which fires shells at flat trajectories, and a mortar, which fires at high angles of ascent and descent. Howitzers, like other artillery equipment, are usually organized in a group called a battery. Howitzers, together with long-barreled guns, mortars, and rocket artillery, are the four basic types of modern artillery. Mortars fire at angles of elevation greater than 45°, and are useful for mountain warfare because the projectile could go over obstacles. Cannons fire at low angles of elevation (<45°), and the projectile lands much faster at its target than it would in the case of a mortar. But the cannon is not useful if there is an obstacle like a hill/wall in front of its target. Etymology The English word ''howitzer'' comes from the Czech word , from , 'crowd', and is in turn a borrowing from the Middle High German word or (mode ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Artillery
Artillery is a class of heavy military ranged weapons that launch munitions far beyond the range and power of infantry firearms. Early artillery development focused on the ability to breach defensive walls and fortifications during sieges, and led to heavy, fairly immobile siege engines. As technology improved, lighter, more mobile field artillery cannons developed for battlefield use. This development continues today; modern self-propelled artillery vehicles are highly mobile weapons of great versatility generally providing the largest share of an army's total firepower. Originally, the word "artillery" referred to any group of soldiers primarily armed with some form of manufactured weapon or armor. Since the introduction of gunpowder and cannon, "artillery" has largely meant cannons, and in contemporary usage, usually refers to shell-firing guns, howitzers, and mortars (collectively called ''barrel artillery'', ''cannon artillery'', ''gun artillery'', or - a layman t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regiment
A regiment is a military unit. Its role and size varies markedly, depending on the country, service and/or a specialisation. In Medieval Europe, the term "regiment" denoted any large body of front-line soldiers, recruited or conscripted in one geographical area, by a leader who was often also the feudal lord ''in capite'' of the soldiers. Lesser barons of knightly rank could be expected to muster or hire a company or battalion from their manorial estate. By the end of the 17th century, infantry regiments in most European armies were permanent units, with approximately 800 men and commanded by a colonel. Definitions During the modern era, the word "regiment" – much like "corps" – may have two somewhat divergent meanings, which refer to two distinct roles: # a front-line military formation; or # an administrative or ceremonial unit. In many armies, the first role has been assumed by independent battalions, battlegroups, task forces, brigades and other, similarly s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Far Eastern Military District
The Far Eastern Military District (russian: Дальневосточный военный округ; Dalʹnevostochnyĭ voennyĭ okrug) was a military district of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. In 2010 it was merged with the Pacific Fleet and part of the Siberian Military District to form the new Eastern Military District. History The Far Eastern Military District traces its history originally to the Eastern Siberian Military District originally formed in 1918, during the Russian Civil War. Its headquarters were at Khabarovsk. Following the Soviet victory in the Civil War the Soviet forces in the area became the Special Red Banner Far Eastern Army (OKDVA) of the Far Eastern Republic. The District was first briefly formed in 1935 from those forces, but then reverted to the title Special Red Banner Far Eastern Army, under Marshal of the Soviet Union Vasily Blyukher, while still functioning as a military district. The Army became the Soviet Far East Front in June 193 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belogorsk, Amur Oblast
Belogorsk (russian: Белого́рск) is a town in Amur Oblast, Russia, located on the river Tom, a tributary of the Zeya. Population: 53,000 (1969); 34,000 (1939). The town was included in a list of towns at risk of social problems, including poverty and corruption. It was previously known as ''Alexandrovskoye'' (until 1926), ''Alexandrovsk'' (until 1931), ''Krasnopartizansk'' (until 1935), ''Kuybyshevka Vostochnaya'' (until 1957). History The '' selo'' of Alexandrovskoye () was founded in 1860 by the settlersPospelov, p. 25 from the European part of Russia. In 1893, the ''selo'' of Bochkaryovka () appeared nearby. The two localities grew with the construction of a station on the Trans-Siberian Railway in 1913, and by 1923 Alexandrovskoye and Bochkarevka merged and were transformed into Alexandrovsk (). Town status was granted to Alexandrovsk in 1926. In 1931, it was renamed Krasnopartizansk (), then, in 1935, Kuybyshevka-Vostochnaya (), to commemorate the Soviet s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
12th Motor Rifle Division
The 12th Motor Rifle Division was a motorized infantry division of the Soviet Army, formed twice. It was formed in 1957 from the 12th Rifle Division and disbanded in 1958. The division was reformed in 1960 and moved to Baganuur in Mongolia in 1979. It pulled out of Mongolia in 1990 and became a storage base in 1992. The storage base was disbanded in 1993. History First formation The 12th Motor Rifle Division was first formed on 17 May 1957 in Belogorsk, Amur Oblast from the 12th Amur Rifle Division. The division included the 192nd, 214th and 394th Motor Rifle Regiments and the 138th Guards Tank Regiment. Part of the Far Eastern Military District, it was disbanded on 15 October 1958.Feskov et al 2013, p. 162 Second formation In June 1960, the division was reformed in Divizionnaya (in Ulan-Ude), Buryat Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. It was part of the Transbaikal Military District and did not inherit the honorifics of the previous division. On 19 February 1962, the 9 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kwantung Army
''Kantō-gun'' , image = Kwantung Army Headquarters.JPG , image_size = 300px , caption = Kwantung Army headquarters in Hsinking, Manchukuo , dates = April 1919 – August 1945 , country = , allegiance = Emperor of Japan , branch = , type = General Army , size = 300,000 (1940)763,000 (1941)713,000 (1945) , command_structure = , garrison = Ryojun, Kwantung Leased Territory (1906–1932) Hsinking, Manchukuo (1932–1945) , garrison_label = , nickname = , "Virtue" , patron = , motto = , colors = , colors_label = , march = , mascot = , equipment ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ussuri
The Ussuri or Wusuli (russian: Уссури; ) is a river that runs through Khabarovsk and Primorsky Krais, Russia and the southeast region of Northeast China. It rises in the Sikhote-Alin mountain range, flowing north and forming part of the Sino-Russian border (which is based on the Sino-Russian Convention of Peking of 1860), until it joins the Amur as a tributary to it near Khabarovsk. It is approximately long. The Ussuri drains the Ussuri basin, which covers . Its waters come from rain (60%), snow (30–35%), and subterranean springs. The average discharge is , and the average elevation is . Names The Ussuri has been known by many names. In Manchu, it was called the Usuri Ula or Dobi Bira (River of Foxes) and in Mongolian the Üssüri Müren. ''Ussuri'' is Manchu for ''soot-black river''. History * The Ussuri has a reputation for catastrophic floods. It freezes up in November and stays under the ice until April. The river teems with different kinds of fish: graylin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
River Amur
The Amur (russian: река́ Аму́р, ), or Heilong Jiang (, "Black Dragon River", ), is the world's List of longest rivers, tenth longest river, forming the border between the Russian Far East and Northeast China, Northeastern China (Inner Manchuria). The Amur proper is long, and has a drainage basin of . ''mizu'' ("water") in Japanese. The name "Amur" may have evolved from a root word for water, coupled with a size modifier for "Big Water". Its ancient Chinese names were ''Yushui'', ''Wanshui'' and ''Heishui'', formed from variants to ''shui'', meaning "water".The fishes of the Amur River:updated check-list and zoogeography'' The modern Chinese name for the river, ''Heilong Jiang'' means "Cardinal_directions#Cultural_variations, Black Dragon River", while the Manchurian language, Manchurian name ''Sahaliyan Ula'', the Mongolian names " Amar mörön " (Cyrillic: Амар мөрөн) originates from the name " Amar " meaning to rest and ''Khar mörön'' (Cyrillic: Хар ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
