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118102 Rinjani
Year 1181 (Roman numerals, MCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * King Philip II of France, Philip II (Augustus) annuls all loans made by Jews to Christians, and takes a percentage for himself. A year later, he confiscates all Jewish property and expels the Jews from Paris. * Philip II begins a war against Philip I, Count of Flanders, Philip of Alsace, count of County of Flanders, Flanders, over the Vermandois. He claims the territory for his wife Isabella of Hainault as her dowry. Philip is unwilling to give it up. * Henry the Lion, duke of Duchy of Saxony, Saxony, submits to Emperor Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor, Frederick I (Barbarossa) at an Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire), Imperial Diet in Erfurt. He is banished to Kingdom of England, England and retains only County of Brunswick, Brunswick among his former lands. * King Béla III of Hungary, Béla III of Kingdom of H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pope Lucius III
Pope Lucius III (c. 1097 – 25 November 1185), born Ubaldo Allucingoli, reigned from 1 September 1181 to his death in 1185. Born of an aristocratic family of Lucca, prior to being elected pope, he had a long career as a papal diplomat. His papacy was marked by conflicts with Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I, his exile from Rome and the initial preparations for the Third Crusade. Early career A native of the city of Lucca, he was born c. 1100 (perhaps 1097) as Ubaldo, son of aristocrat Orlando Allucingoli. He had close ties to the Cistercians, but it seems that he never joined the order. Pope Innocent II named him cardinal in December 1138, initially as cardinal-deacon of San Adriano, then (in May 1141) as cardinal-priest of Santa Prassede and sent him as legate to France. Under Pope Eugene III he served as legate to Sicily, and in January 1159 Pope Adrian IV promoted him to Cardinal Bishop of Ostia and Velletri. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
