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Ἀντιφῶν
Antiphon of Rhamnus (; grc-gre, Ἀντιφῶν ὁ Ῥαμνούσιος; 480–411 BC) was the earliest of the ten Attic orators, and an important figure in fifth-century Athenian political and intellectual life. There is longstanding uncertainty and scholarly controversy over whether the Sophistic works of Antiphon and a treatise on the ''Interpretation of Dreams'' were also written by Antiphon the Orator, or whether they were written by a separate man known as Antiphon the Sophist. This article only discusses Antiphon the Orator's biography and oratorical works. Life Antiphon was a statesman who took up rhetoric as a profession. He was active in political affairs in Athens, and, as a zealous supporter of the oligarchical party, was largely responsible for the establishment of the Four Hundred in 411 (see Theramenes); upon restoration of the democracy shortly afterwards, he was accused of treason and condemned to death. Thucydides famously characterized Antipho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ἀντιφῶν
Antiphon of Rhamnus (; grc-gre, Ἀντιφῶν ὁ Ῥαμνούσιος; 480–411 BC) was the earliest of the ten Attic orators, and an important figure in fifth-century Athenian political and intellectual life. There is longstanding uncertainty and scholarly controversy over whether the Sophistic works of Antiphon and a treatise on the ''Interpretation of Dreams'' were also written by Antiphon the Orator, or whether they were written by a separate man known as Antiphon the Sophist. This article only discusses Antiphon the Orator's biography and oratorical works. Life Antiphon was a statesman who took up rhetoric as a profession. He was active in political affairs in Athens, and, as a zealous supporter of the oligarchical party, was largely responsible for the establishment of the Four Hundred in 411 (see Theramenes); upon restoration of the democracy shortly afterwards, he was accused of treason and condemned to death. Thucydides famously characterized Antipho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sophistic Works Of Antiphon
The name Antiphon the Sophist (; grc-gre, Ἀντιφῶν) is used to refer to the writer of several Sophistic treatises. He probably lived in Athens in the last two decades of the 5th century BC, but almost nothing is known of his life. It has been debated since antiquity whether the writer of these Sophistic treatises was in fact none other than Antiphon the Orator, or whether Antiphon the Sophist was indeed a separate person. This remains an active scholarly controversy; of recent editors, Gagarin, and Laks and Most, believe there to be only one Antiphon, whereas G. J. Pendrick argues for the existence of two separate individuals. The most important of these treatises was ''On Truth'', whose surviving fragments cover many different subjects, from astronomy and mathematics to morality and ethics. Fragments have also been preserved of the treatises ''On Concord'' and ''Politicus''; these fragments have sometimes been attributed to the Orator rather than to the Sophist. It is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Interpretation Of Dreams (Antiphon)
The ''Interpretation of Dreams'' or Dream-book, written by a certain Antiphon () of Athens, is an influential ancient treatise on dreams, of which only a few fragments survive. It is not certain whether the Antiphon who wrote the treatise was the same figure as the Antiphon who wrote the Sophistic works of Antiphon, who is sometimes identified with Antiphon the Orator. The recent scholarly edition of Pendrick, however, sees it as probable that this treatise was written by the same author as the Sophistic works, as does the edition of Laks and Most. Some earlier scholars, though, including E. R. Dodds, take the view that Antiphon the dream-interpreter was a separate person. The treatise is notable, in the words of Pendrick, because it "was apparently the first ''literary'' work written on the subject of dream-interpretation—or at least the first to have achieved wide circulation". Cicero refers to it, as do Diogenes of Oenoanda and Artemidorus Artemidorus Daldianus ( grc-gre, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philostratus
Philostratus or Lucius Flavius Philostratus (; grc-gre, Φιλόστρατος ; c. 170 – 247/250 AD), called "the Athenian", was a Greek sophist of the Roman imperial period. His father was a minor sophist of the same name. He was born probably around 170, and is said by the ''Suda'' to have been living in the reign of emperor Philip the Arab (244–249). His death possibly occurred in Tyre c. 250 AD. Name and identity Some ambiguity surrounds his name. The name ''Flavius'' is given in ''The Lives of the Sophists'' and Tzetzes. Eunapius and Synesius call him a Lemnian; Photius a Tyrian; his letters refer to him as an Athenian. It is probable that he was born in Lemnos, studied and taught at Athens, and then settled in Rome (where he would naturally be called ''Atheniensis'') as a member of the learned circle with which empress Julia Domna surrounded herself. Works attributed to Philostratus Historians agree that Philostratus authored at least five works: ''Life of Apollo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tetralogies
A tetralogy (from Greek τετρα- ''tetra-'', "four" and -λογία ''-logia'', "discourse") is a compound work that is made up of four distinct works. The name comes from the Attic theater, in which a tetralogy was a group of three tragedies followed by a satyr play, all by one author, to be played in one sitting at the Dionysia as part of a competition. Examples Literature * Tetrateuch is a sometime name for the first four books of the Bible. The Tetrateuch plus Deuteronomy are collectively referred to as the Pentateuch. * ''Tintitives'' by Antiphon of Rhamnus; the author was an orator, and ''Tintitives'' is a kind of textbook for students. Each book consists of four speeches: the prosecutor's opening speech, the first speech for the defense, the prosecutor's reply, and the defendant's conclusion. Three of his tetralogies are known to have survived. * The traditional arrangement of the works of Plato into nine tetralogies, including some doubtful works, and the letters as a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Homicide
Homicide occurs when a person kills another person. A homicide requires only a volitional act or omission that causes the death of another, and thus a homicide may result from accidental, reckless, or negligent acts even if there is no intent to cause harm. Homicides can be divided into many overlapping legal categories, such as murder, manslaughter, justifiable homicide, assassination, killing in war (either following the laws of war or as a war crime), euthanasia, and capital punishment, depending on the circumstances of the death. These different types of homicides are often treated very differently in human societies; some are considered crimes, while others are permitted or even ordered by the legal system. Criminality Criminal homicide takes many forms including accidental killing or murder. Criminal homicide is divided into two broad categories, murder and manslaughter, based upon the state of mind and intent of the person who commits the homicide. A report ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Against The Stepmother For Poisoning
"Against the Stepmother for Poisoning" ( grc, Φαρμακείας κατὰ τῆς μητρυιᾶς) is one of fifteen extant speeches by the Athenian orator Antiphon. It is a speech for the prosecution in the case of a woman accused by her stepson of arranging for the murder of his father, her husband. The speech does not provide any evidence for the claims made by the prosecution, but instead attempts to appeal to the emotions of the jurors. As with most surviving legal speeches from classical Athens, the outcome of the case is unknown. Background The speech was given as part of a trial of a woman for killing her husband some years previously. The husband had visited his friend Philoneus and had dinner with him; both had died, Philoneus at dinner and the husband twenty days later. Philoneus' mistress was tortured and executed for murder. After Philoneus' friend's son reached adulthood, he prosecuted his stepmother for his father's death; "Against the Stepmother" is a spee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eduard Maetzner
Eduard Model Accessories is a Czech manufacturer of plastic models and finescale model accessories. Formed in 1989 in the city of Most, Eduard began in a rented cellar as a manufacturer of photoetched brass model components. Following the success of their early products, the company branched off into plastic models in 1993. As of 2006, Eduard's product line contained some 30 plastic kits and more than 800 individual photoetch detail sets. To the plastic modeller community at large, Eduard has become a household word in the field of photoetched parts, and their products are available worldwide. Eduard aircraft kits range from World War I to the present day. Some notable ones include: most of the famous World War I fighters are: Fokker D.VII, Pfalz D.III, Albatros D.III and the Sopwith Pup, while World War II had the: Yakovlev Yak-3, Hawker Hurricane, Spitfire and the Messerschmitt Bf 109 The Messerschmitt Bf 109 is a German World War II fighter aircraft that was, along wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Blass
Friedrich Blass (22 January 1843, Osnabrück5 March 1907, Halle) was a German classical scholar. Biography After studying at Göttingen and Bonn from 1860 to 1863, Blass lectured at several gymnasia and at the University of Königsberg. In 1876 he was appointed extraordinary professor of classical philology at Kiel, and ordinary professor in 1881. In 1892 he accepted a professorship at Halle, where he later died. He frequently visited England, and was intimately acquainted with leading British scholars. He received an honorary degree from Dublin University in 1892, and his readiness to place the results of his labours at the disposal of others, together with the courtesy and kindliness of his disposition, won the respect of all who knew him. Blass is chiefly known for his works in connection with the study of Greek oratory: ''Die Attische Beredsamkeit von Alexander bis auf Augustus'' (1865); ''Die attische Beredsamkeit'' (1868–1880; 2nd ed., 1887–1898), his greatest work; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhamnus (Greek Archaeological Site)
Rhamnous ( grc, Ῥαμνοῦς, Rhamnoûs; el, Ραμνούς, Ramnoús, label=Modern Greek), also Ramnous or Rhamnus, was an ancient Greek city in Attica situated on the coast, overlooking the Euboean Strait. Its impressive ruins lie northwest of the modern town of Agia Marina in the municipality of Marathon. The site was best known in antiquity for its sanctuary of Nemesis, the implacable avenging goddess, her most important in ancient Greece. Rhamnous is the best-preserved Attic deme site. It was strategically significant on the sea routes and was fortified with an Athenian garrison of ''ephebes'' (young men). A fortified acropolis dominates the two small harbours located on either side of it which have silted up extensively since antiquity, and into which grain was imported for Athens during the Peloponnesian War. History Rhamnus or Rhamnous ( grc, Ῥαμνοῦς) or Rhamnuntus or Rhamnountos (Ῥαμνοῦντος) was a deme of ancient Attica, belonging to the trib ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dictionary Of Scientific Biography
The ''Dictionary of Scientific Biography'' is a scholarly reference work that was published from 1970 through 1980 by publisher Charles Scribner's Sons, with main editor the science historian Charles Gillispie, from Princeton University. It consisted of sixteen volumes. It is supplemented by the ''New Dictionary of Scientific Biography''. Both these publications are included in a later electronic book, called the ''Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography''. ''Dictionary of Scientific Biography'' The ''Dictionary of Scientific Biography'' is a scholarly English-language reference work consisting of biographies of scientists from antiquity to modern times, but excluding scientists who were alive when the ''Dictionary'' was first published. It includes scientists who worked in the areas of mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, and earth sciences. The work is notable for being one of the most substantial reference works in the field of history of science, containing extens ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Logographer (legal)
The title of logographer (from the Ancient Greek , ''logographos'', a compound of , ''logos'', 'word', and , ''grapho'', 'write') was applied to professional authors of judicial discourse in Ancient Greece. The modern term speechwriter is roughly equivalent. In the Athens of antiquity, the law required a litigant to make his case in front of the court with two successive speeches. Lawyers were unknown, and the law permitted only one friend or relative to aid each party. If a litigant did not feel competent to make his own speech effectively, he would seek the service of a logographer (also called a , ''logopoios'', from {{lang, grc, ποιέω, ''poieo'', 'to make'), to whom he would describe his case. The logographer would then write a speech that the litigant would learn by heart and recite in front of the court. Antiphon (480–410 BC) was among the first to practice this profession; the orator Demosthenes (384–322) was also a logographer. Many logographers built a foundatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
