Троцкий - Наши политические задачи (обложка, 1904)
Lev Davidovich Bronstein. ( – 21 August 1940), better known as Leon Trotsky; uk, link= no, Лев Давидович Троцький; also transliterated ''Lyev'', ''Trotski'', ''Trotskij'', ''Trockij'' and ''Trotzky''. (), was a Russian Marxist revolutionary, political theorist and politician. Ideologically a Marxist, his developments to the ideology are called Trotskyism. Born to a wealthy Jewish family in Yanovka (now Bereslavka, Ukraine), Trotsky embraced Marxism after moving to Mykolaiv in 1896. In 1898, he was arrested for revolutionary activities and subsequently exiled to Siberia. He escaped from Siberia in 1902 and moved to London, where he befriended Vladimir Lenin. In 1903, he sided with Julius Martov's Mensheviks against Lenin's Bolsheviks during the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party's initial organisational split. Trotsky helped organize the failed Russian Revolution of 1905, after which he was again arrested and exiled to Siberia. He once again e ...
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People's Commissariat For Military And Naval Affairs
The People's Commissariat for Military and Naval Affairs of the Soviet Union was the central body of military command and control of the Armed Forces of the Soviet Union from November 12, 1923, to March 15, 1934. History The People's Commissariat was formed from two independent People's Commissariats ( for Military and for Naval Affairs of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic). Abolished in connection with the formation of the People's Commissariat of Defense of the Soviet Union. People's Commissars The People's Commissariat was headed by the People's Commissar; at various times in this position were: *Leon Trotsky – November 12, 1923 – January 26, 1925; *Mikhail Frunze Mikhail Vasilyevich Frunze (russian: Михаил Васильевич Фрунзе; ro, Mihail Frunză; 2 February 1885 – 31 October 1925) was a Bolshevik leader during and just prior to the Russian Revolution of 1917. Born in the modern-day ... – January 26 – October 31, 1925; * Cleme ...
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9th Politburo And The 9th Secretariat Of The Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
The Politburo, Secretariat and Orgburo of the 9th Congress of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) were elected by the 1st Plenary Session of the 9th Central Committee, in the immediate aftermath of the 9th Congress. 9th Politburo 9th Secretariat 9th Orgburo Full members Candidate members References {{DEFAULTSORT:9th Politburo of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union members Members of the Orgburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Secretariat of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union members Politburo Politburo Politburo Politburo ...
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Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
The Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP; in , ''Rossiyskaya sotsial-demokraticheskaya rabochaya partiya (RSDRP)''), also known as the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party or the Russian Social Democratic Party, was a socialist political party founded in 1898 in Minsk (then in Northwestern Krai of the Russian Empire, present-day Belarus). Formed to unite the various revolutionary organizations of the Russian Empire into one party, the RSDLP split in 1903 into Bolsheviks ("majority") and Mensheviks ("minority") factions, with the Bolshevik faction eventually becoming the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. History Origins and early activities The RSDLP was not the first Russian Marxist group; the Emancipation of Labour group had been formed in 1883. The RSDLP was created to oppose the revolutionary populism of the Narodniks, which was later represented by the Socialist Revolutionary Party (SRs). The RSLDP was formed at an underground conference in Minsk in ...
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Axe Murder
An axe murder is a murder in which the victim was struck and killed by an axe or hatchet. List of axe murders The following are some notable cases. * Wenno von Rohrbach, the first Master of the Livonian Brothers of the Sword, was killed by the knight Wickbert with an axe in a quarrel, 1209. * Mary Russell (ship) murders, in which ship's captain William Stewart dispatched seven members of his crew with crowbar and axe, 1828. *Frankie Stewart Silver, first woman executed by the State of North Carolina, for the murder of her husband Charles, 1833. *Helen Jewett was a prostitute in New York City who was allegedly murdered by Richard P. Robinson. He was tried and acquitted in 1836. *The Smuttynose Island murders in 1873, in which Louis Wagner was tried, convicted, and hanged for the murder of two Norwegian immigrant women. One was killed with a chair and the other with an axe, on an island off the coast of Maine. *The Harlson Family murders, Nebraska serial killer Stephen Dee Ric ...
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Assassination
Assassination is the murder of a prominent or important person, such as a head of state, head of government, politician, world leader, member of a royal family or CEO. The murder of a celebrity, activist, or artist, though they may not have a direct role in matters of the state, may also sometimes be considered an assassination. An assassination may be prompted by political and military motives, or done for financial gain, to avenge a grievance, from a desire to acquire fame or notoriety, or because of a military, security, insurgent or secret police group's command to carry out the assassination. Acts of assassination have been performed since ancient times. A person who carries out an assassination is called an assassin or hitman. Etymology The word ''assassin'' may be derived from '' asasiyyin'' (Arabic: أَسَاسِيِّين‎, ʾasāsiyyīn) from أَسَاس‎ (ʾasās, "foundation, basis") + ـِيّ‎ (-iyy), meaning "people who are faithful to the founda ...
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Mexico City
Mexico City ( es, link=no, Ciudad de México, ; abbr.: CDMX; Nahuatl: ''Altepetl Mexico'') is the capital and largest city of Mexico, and the most populous city in North America. One of the world's alpha cities, it is located in the Valley of Mexico within the high Mexican central plateau, at an altitude of . The city has 16 boroughs or ''demarcaciones territoriales'', which are in turn divided into neighborhoods or ''colonias''. The 2020 population for the city proper was 9,209,944, with a land area of . According to the most recent definition agreed upon by the federal and state governments, the population of Greater Mexico City is 21,804,515, which makes it the sixth-largest metropolitan area in the world, the second-largest urban agglomeration in the Western Hemisphere (behind São Paulo, Brazil), and the largest Spanish language, Spanish-speaking city (city proper) in the world. Greater Mexico City has a gross domestic product, GDP of $411 billion in 2011, which makes ...
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Bereslavka, Ukraine
Bereslavka ( uk, Береславка, formerly known as Yanovka or Yanivka) is a village in Kropyvnytskyi Raion, Kirovohrad Oblast, Ukraine. The village has a population of 139 (2001). Bereslavka was part of the Vasilyevka village council and belongs to Ketrysanivka rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. It is the birthplace of Marxist theorist and politician Leon Trotsky as well as his sister, Olga Kameneva. Until 18 July 2020, Bereslavka belonged to Bobrynets Raion Bobrynetskyi Raion ( uk, Бобринецький район) was a raion (district) of the Kirovohrad Oblast in central Ukraine. It covered an area of 1496 square kilometres. The administrative center of the raion was the city of Bobrynets. The r .... The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Kirovohrad Oblast to four. The area of Bobrynets Raion was merged into Kropyvnytskyi Raion. References {{Kirovohrad-geo-stub Villa ...
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Yelisavetgradsky Uyezd
Yelisavetgradsky Uyezd (''Елисаветградский уезд'') was one of the subdivisions of the Kherson Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the northern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Kropyvnytskyi (''Yelisavetgrad''). Demographics At the time of the Russian Empire Census of 1897, Yelisavetgradsky Uyezd had a population of 613,283. Of these, 66.1% spoke Ukrainian, 15.2% Russian, 9.4% Yiddish, 6.0% Moldovan or Romanian, 1.0% Belarusian, 0.9% German, 0.8% Bulgarian, 0.4% Polish, 0.1% Romani and 0.1% Tatar The Tatars ()Tatar
in the Collins English Dictionary is an umbrella term for different

Old Style And New Style Dates
Old Style (O.S.) and New Style (N.S.) indicate dating systems before and after a calendar change, respectively. Usually, this is the change from the Julian calendar to the Gregorian calendar as enacted in various European countries between 1582 and 1923. In England, Wales, Ireland and Britain's American colonies, there were two calendar changes, both in 1752. The first adjusted the start of a new year from Lady Day (25 March) to 1 January (which Scotland had done from 1600), while the second discarded the Julian calendar in favour of the Gregorian calendar, removing 11 days from the September 1752 calendar to do so.Spathaky, MikOld Style and New Style Dates and the change to the Gregorian Calendar "Before 1752, parish registers, in addition to a new year heading after 24th March showing, for example '1733', had another heading at the end of the following December indicating '1733/4'. This showed where the Historical Year 1734 started even though the Civil Year 1733 continued u ...
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Politburo Of The Communist Party Of The Soviet Union
The Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (, abbreviated: ), or Politburo ( rus, Политбюро, p=pəlʲɪtbʲʊˈro) was the highest policy-making authority within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. It was founded in October 1917, and refounded in March 1919, at the 8th Congress of the Bolshevik Party. It was known as the Presidium from 1952 to 1966. The existence of the Politburo ended in 1991 upon the breakup of the Soviet Union. History Background On August 18, 1917, the top Bolshevik leader, Vladimir Lenin, set up a political bureau—known first as Narrow composition, and after October 23, 1917, as Political bureau—specifically to direct the October Revolution, with only seven members (Lenin, Leon Trotsky, Grigory Zinoviev, Lev Kamenev, Joseph Stalin, Grigori Sokolnikov, and Andrei Bubnov), but this precursor did not outlast the event; the Central Committee continued with the political functions. However, due ...
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14th Politburo Of The All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
The Politburo of the 14th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) was in session from 1 January 1926 to 19 December 1927. Composition Members Candidates References {{Communist Party of the Soviet Union Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union members Politburo Politburo Politburo Politburo Politburo ...
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13th Politburo Of The All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
The Politburo of the 13th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) was in session from 2 June 1924 to 1 January 1926. Composition Members Candidates References {{Communist Party of the Soviet Union Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union members Politburo Politburo Politburo Politburo Politburo A politburo () or political bureau is the executive committee for communist parties. It is present in most former and existing communist states. Names The term "politburo" in English comes from the Russian ''Politbyuro'' (), itself a contraction ...