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Șimleu Silvaniei
Șimleu Silvaniei (; , ) is a town in Sălaj County, Crișana, Romania with a population of 13,948 people (2021 census). It is located near the ancient Dacian fortress Dacidava. Three villages are administered by the town: Bic (''Bükk''), Cehei (''Somlyócsehi''), and Pusta (''Csehipuszta''). History Ancient times Before the Roman conquest of Dacia, Șimleu was a political, social and administrative Dacians, Dacian centre, of high importance. Seven Dacian fortresses, some with associated settlements, were arranged in an arc shape around the hills of Șimleu. They had a strategic role in supervising the trade along the salt road coming from areas around Napoca (ancient city), Napoca, Potaissa, and modern Dej, and heading to Pannonia. The centre of an early ''Gepidia'', on the plains northwest of the Meseș Mountains, appears to have been located around Șimleu Silvaniei, where early 5th-century precious objects of Roman provenance have been unearthed. Middle Ages The to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sălaj County
Sălaj County (; ) (also known as ''Land of Silvania'', ''silva, -ae'' means "forest") is a Counties of Romania, county (''județ'') of Romania, located in the north-west of the country, in the Historical regions of Romania, historical regions of Crișana and Transylvania. It is bordered to the north by Satu Mare County, Satu Mare and Maramureș County, Maramureș counties, to the west and south-west by Bihor County, and to the south-east by Cluj County. Zalău is the county seat, as well as its largest city. Etymology In Hungarian language, Hungarian, it is known as ''Szilágy megye'', in Slovak language, Slovak as ''Salašská župa'', and in German language, German as ''Kreis Zillenmarkt''. The county is named after the river Sălaj (river), Sălaj, which gets its name from Hungarian ''Szilágy'' "elm creek", composed from ''wikt:szil, szil'', "elm" and ''wikt:ágy, ágy'' "Stream bed, riverbed". History Antiquity On 28 July 1978, a team of speleologists discovered in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miklós Báthory
Miklós (, ) is a given name or surname, the Hungarian form of the Greek (English ''Nicholas''), and may refer to: In Hungarian politics * Miklós Bánffy, Hungarian nobleman, politician, and novelist * Miklós Horthy, Regent of the Kingdom of Hungary * Miklós Kállay, Hungarian politician who served as Prime Minister of Hungary during World War II * Miklós Lukáts, Hungarian politician and state secretary * Miklós Németh, Prime Minister of Hungary * Miklós Pálffy (1657 – 1732), Hungarian nobleman * Miklós Wesselényi, Hungarian statesman In Hungarian literature * Miklós Radnóti, Hungarian poet from Budapest who fell victim to the Holocaust * Miklós Vámos, Hungarian writer * Miklós Mészöly, Hungarian writer In artistry * Miklós Barabás, Hungarian painter * Miklós Izsó, Hungarian sculptor Miklós Izsó * Miklós Ybl, one of Europe's leading architects in the mid to late nineteenth century In sport * Miklós Fehér, Hungarian football player * Miklós G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from 1000 to 1946 and was a key part of the Habsburg monarchy from 1526-1918. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the Coronation of the Hungarian monarch, coronation of the first king Stephen I of Hungary, Stephen I at Esztergom around the year 1000;Kristó Gyula – Barta János – Gergely Jenő: Magyarország története előidőktől 2000-ig (History of Hungary from the prehistory to 2000), Pannonica Kiadó, Budapest, 2002, , pp. 37, 113, 678 ("Magyarország a 12. század második felére jelentős európai tényezővé, középhatalommá vált."/"By the 12th century Hungary became an important European factor, became a middle power.", "A Nyugat részévé vált Magyarország.../Hungary became part of the West"), pp. 616–644 his family (the Árpád dynasty) led the monarchy for 300 years. By the 12th century, the kingdom became a European power. Du ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Szilágy County
Szilágy (Romanian language, Romanian: Sălaj) was an administrative county (Comitatus (Kingdom of Hungary), comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in north-western Romania. The capital of the county was Zilah (present-day Zalău in Romania). Geography Szilágy county shared borders with the Hungarian counties of Bihar (county), Bihar, Szatmár, Szolnok-Doboka and Kolozs. The rivers Someş River, Someş and Crasna River (Tisza), Crasna flowed through the county. Its territory was largely the same as that of the present Romania, Romanian county Sălaj County, Sălaj. Its area was 3,815 km2 around 1910. History The area has been inhabited by Hungarians since the land-taking, with the Romanian population arriving in the late 16th century and the Germans in the 18th century. Szilágy county was formed in 1876, when the counties of Kraszna County, Kraszna (its center was Kraszna/Crasna, Sălaj, Crasna at first, then Valkóváralja/Valcău de Jos, Sub Cetate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kurucs
Kuruc (, plural ''kurucok''), also spelled kurutz, refers to a group of armed anti-Habsburg insurgents in the Kingdom of Hungary between 1671 and 1711. Over time, the term kuruc has come to designate Hungarians who advocate strict national independence and the term "labanc" to designate Hungarians who advocate cooperating with outside powers. The term kuruc is used in both a positive sense to mean “patriotic” and in a negative sense to mean “chauvinistic.” The term labanc is almost always used in a negative sense to mean “disloyal” or “traitorous”. This term originally referred to Habsburg troops, mainly Austrian imperial soldiers, garrisoned in Hungary. The kuruc army was composed mostly of impoverished lower Hungarian nobility and serfs, including Hungarian Protestant peasants and Slavs. They managed to conquer large parts of Hungary in several uprisings from Transylvania before they were defeated by Habsburg imperial troops. Name The word ''kuruc'' was fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Varat Eyalet
Varat Eyalet (also known as Pashaluk of Varat or Province of Varat; ) was an administrative territorial entity of the Ottoman Empire formed in 1660. Varat Eyalet bordered Ottoman Budin Eyalet in the west, Temeşvar Eyalet in the southwest, Egir Eyalet in the northwest, vassal Ottoman Principality of Transylvania in the southeast, and Habsburg Royal Hungary in the north. History Varat (now Oradea) was made the seat of an Ottoman governor (Beylerbey) in 1660. Before the formation of the Eyalet, the land was mostly part of the Ottoman vassal Principality of Transylvania which established by the Treaty of Speyer in 1570 as the predecessor state of the Eastern Hungarian Kingdom. Some territories that formerly belonged to Temeşvar Eyalet and Egir Eyalet were also included into Varat Eyalet. In June 1692, the territory was liberated under Habsburgs leadership, By Gábor Ágoston, Bruce Alan Masters and was ceded to them by the Treaty of Karlowitz in 1699. Its territory was subse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman Turks
The Ottoman Turks () were a Turkic peoples, Turkic ethnic group in Anatolia. Originally from Central Asia, they migrated to Anatolia in the 13th century and founded the Ottoman Empire, in which they remained socio-politically dominant for the entirety of the six centuries that it existed. Their descendants are the present-day Turkish people, who comprise the majority of the population in the Turkey, Republic of Turkey, which was established shortly after the end of World War I. Reliable information about the early history of the Ottoman Turks remains scarce, but they take their Turkish name from Osman I, who founded the Ottoman dynasty, House of Osman alongside the Ottoman Empire; the name "Osman (name), Osman" was altered to "Ottoman" when it was transliterated into some Languages of Europe, European languages over time. The Ottoman principality, expanding from Söğüt, gradually began incorporating other Turkish-speaking Muslims and non-Turkish Christians into their realm. B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zsigmond Báthory
Sigismund (variants: Sigmund, Siegmund) is a German proper name, meaning "protection through victory", from Old High German ''sigu'' "victory" + ''munt'' "hand, protection". Tacitus latinises it ''Segimundus''. There appears to be an older form of the High German word "Sieg" (victory): ''sigis'', obviously Gothic and an inferred Germanic form, and there is a younger form: ''sigi'', which is Old Saxon or Old High German ''sigu'' (both from about 9th century). A 5th century Prince of Burgundy was known both as ''Sigismund'' and ''Sigimund'' (see Ernst Förstemann, ''Altdeutsche Personennamen'', 1906; Henning Kaufmann, ''Altdeutsche Personennamen'', Ergänzungsband, 1968). Its Hungarian equivalent is Zsigmond. A Lithuanian name Žygimantas, meaning "wealth of (military) campaign", from Lithuanian ''žygis'' "campaign, march" + ''manta'' "goods, wealth", has been a substitution of the name ''Sigismund'' in the Lithuanian language, from which it was adopted by the Ruthenian language as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giorgio Basta
Giorgio Basta, Count of Huszt, Gjergj Basta or Gheorghe Basta (1550 – 1607) was an Kingdom of Naples, Italian general, diplomat, and writer of Arbëreshë people, Arbëreshë Albanian origin, employed by the Holy Roman Emperor Rudolf II to command Habsburg forces in the Long War (Ottoman wars), Long War of 1593–1606. He was later sent to administer Transylvania as an Imperial vassal and to restore Catholicism as the dominant religion in the region. On his orders, his ally Michael the Brave, who ruled Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711), Transylvania, Wallachia, and Moldavia, was assassinated on 9 August 1601, a few days after the common victory at the Battle of Guruslău, for trying to turn against Rudolf II. For this, he is often depicted as disloyal and violent by Romanian and Hungarian historians. Basta was also the author of books on the art of military leadership. Biography Basta was born to an Arbëreshë people, Arbëreshë Albanian family. He is claimed to b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Báthory Castle
Báthory Castle or Báthory Citadel, also known as Șimleu Silvaniei Fort, is a historic fort in Romania, in the modern-day city of Șimleu Silvaniei. HistoriaProiect de trei milioane de euro pentru deschiderea pentru turiști a Cetății Bathory Since the 1590s, the castle was the main residence of the Hungarian Báthory family The House of Báthory () was an old and powerful Hungarian nobility, Hungarian noble family of the Gutkeled clan. The family rose to significant influence in Central Europe during the Late Middle Ages, holding high military, administrative and ... during the era of the Principality of Transylvania. External links Şimleu Silvaniei, Báthory fortress Gallery File:Bathory Castle-visualisation.jpg File:Bathory Castle1.jpg File:Castel di Somlo-Marsigli.jpg References Castles in Romania History museums in Romania Museums in Sălaj County Historic monuments in Sălaj County Șimleu Silvaniei Báthory family {{Romania-castle-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northern Transylvania Holocaust Memorial Museum
The Northern Transylvania Holocaust Memorial Museum () is located in Șimleu Silvaniei, Sălaj County, Romania, and was opened September 11, 2005. The museum is operated and maintained by the Jewish Architectural Heritage Foundation of New York and Asociația Memoraliă Hebraică Nușfalău (a Romanian NGO), with the support of the Claims Conference, Elie Wiesel National Institute for Studying the Holocaust in Romania, among other philanthropic and pedagogical partners. History The old synagogue of Șimleu Silvaniei (Szilágysomlyó) was erected in 1876. During the height of its use, the synagogue was used for worship and religious ceremonies by Jewish families from the city of Șimleu Silvaniei, as well as surrounding villages such as Giurtelecu Șimleului (Somlyógyőrtelek) and Nușfalău (Szilágynagyfalu). In May/June 1944, when the city was part of Hungary (as a consequence of the territorial agreement known as the Second Vienna Award), the area's Jewish population was fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reformed Church, Şimleu Silvaniei
Reform is beneficial change. Reform, reformed or reforming may also refer to: Media * ''Reform'' (album), a 2011 album by Jane Zhang *Reform (band), a Swedish jazz fusion group * ''Reform'' (magazine), a Christian magazine Places * Reform, Alabama *Reform, Mississippi *Reform, Missouri Religion *Religious reform, the process of reforming teachings within a religious community * Reform (Anglican), an evangelical organisation within Anglicanism *Reform Judaism, a denomination of Judaism Reformed *Reformed Christianity or Calvinism, a Protestant branch of Christianity * "Reformed" (''Steven Universe''), an episode of ''Steven Universe'' Reforming *Catalytic reforming, a chemical process in oil refining *Reforming Movement, a French centrist political group created in 1972 *Steam reforming, catalytic oxidation to produce hydrogen from hydrocarbons Other *Reform (horse) (1964–1983), a Thoroughbred racehorse *Reform (think tank), a British think tank *Reform Act, a series of 19th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
