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convex functions

Convex function on an intervalReal function with secant line between points above the graph itselfA function (in black) is convex if and only if the region above its graph (in green) is a convex set.A graph of the bivariate convex function x + xy + yConvex vs. not convexIn mathematics, a real-valued function is called convex if the line segment between any two distinct points on the graph of the function lies above or on the graph of the function between the two points.

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