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Michael VII Doukas

Michael VII Doukas or Ducas (Greek: Μιχαὴλ Δούκας, romanized: Mikhaḕl Doúkās), nicknamed Parapinakes (Greek: Παραπινάκης, romanized: Parapinákes, lit.'minus a quarter', a reference to the devaluation of the Byzantine currency under his rule), was the senior Byzantine emperor from 1071 to 1078.

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