Totally disconnected

Constructing a totally disconnected quotient space of any given space

Let ${\displaystyle X}$ be an arbitrary topological space. Let ${\displaystyle x\sim y}$ if and only if ${\displaystyle y\in \mathrm {conn} (x)}$ (where ${\displaystyle \mathrm {conn} (x)}$ denotes the largest connected subset containing ${\displaystyle x}$). This is obviously an equivalence relation whose equivalence classes are the connected components of ${\displaystyle X}$. Endow ${\displaystyle X/{\sim }}$ with the quotient topology, i.e. the finest topology making the map ${\displaystyle m:x\mapsto \mathrm {conn} (x)}$ continuous. With a little bit of effort we can see that ${\displaystyle X/{\sim }}$ is totally disconnected.