Single-cell nanoencapsulation

Single-cell nanoencapsulation (SCNE) is an interdisciplinary research field at the intersection of chemistry, biology, nanoscience, and materials science. Single-cell nanoencapsulation involves the development and application of nanometer-scaled shells for the isolation, protection, and functionalization of individual living cells. Single-cell nanoencapsulation enables the fundamental studies of cell–material interactions at the single-cell level, and supports research and development across a range of applied fields, including cell therapy, renewable energy, regenerative medicine, probiotics, and agricultural innovation. By controlling the cellular microenvironment at the nanoscale, single-cell nanoencapsulation allows for fine-tuned investigation of individual cell responses and the design of engineered cellular systems with tailored properties. Single-cell nanoencapsulation is also a chemical strategy that creates "cell-in-shell" structures by forming artificial nanoshells (typically <100 nm in thickness) on individual cells. The cell-in-shell structures are referred to by various names depending on the context or application, including artificial spores, cyborg cells, Suprace