Principality of Calenberg

Polity in the Holy Roman Empire (1432–1692) Principality of CalenbergFürstentum Calenberg (German)1432–1692Schloss und Ampt Calenberg, engraving by Caspar Merian (1654)StatusPrincipality(state of the Holy Roman Empire)CapitalCalenbergHanover (from 1636)Common languagesGermanLow SaxonHistorical eraMiddle AgesEarly modern era• William the Victorious first Prince of Calenberg 1432• Incorporated Principality of Göttingen 1495• Joined Lower Saxon Circle 1500• Line extinct, fell back to Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel 1584• Fell to House of Hanover 1635• Raised to Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg 1692• Acquired Lüneburg 1705 Preceded by Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel The Principality of Calenberg was a dynastic division of the Welf Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg established in 1432. Calenberg was ruled by the House of Hanover (from the Principality of Lüneburg) from 1635 onwards; the princes received the ninth electoral dignity of the Holy Roman Empire in 1692. Their territory became the nucleus of the Electorate of Hanover, ruled in personal union with the Kingdom of Great Britain from 1714 onwards. The principality received its name from Calenberg