Planck relation

The Planck relation (referred to as Planck's energy–frequency relation, the Planck–Einstein relation, Planck equation, and Planck formula, though the latter might also refer to Planck's law) is a fundamental equation in quantum mechanics which states that the photon energyE is proportional to the photonfrequencyν (or f): $${\displaystyle E=h u =hf.}$$ The constant of proportionality, h, is known as the Planck constant. Several equivalent forms of the relation exist, including in terms of angular frequencyω: $${\displaystyle E=\hbar \omega ,}$$ where the reduced Planck constant is ${\displaystyle \hbar =h/2\pi }$.

The relation accounts for the quantized nature of light and plays a key role in understanding phenomena such as the photoelectric effect and black-body radiation (where the related Planck postulate can be used to derive Planck's law).