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Perchloryl fluoride

Perchloryl fluoride
Names IUPAC name
Perchloryl fluoride
Other names
  • Chlorine oxyfluoride
  • Perchlorofluoride
  • Chlorine fluorine oxide
  • Trioxychlorofluoride
  • Perchloric acid fluoride
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard100.028.660EC Number
  • 231-526-0
RTECS number
  • SD1925000
UNII
  • InChI=1S/ClFO3/c2-1(3,4)5
    Key: XHFXMNZYIKFCPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • InChI=1/ClFO3/c2-1(3,4)5
    Key: XHFXMNZYIKFCPN-UHFFFAOYAO
  • FCl(=O)(=O)=O
Properties ClO3FMolar mass102.4496 g/mol Appearance Colorless gas Odorsweet odor Density1.434 g/cm Melting point−147.8 °C (−234.0 °F; 125.3 K) Boiling point−46.7 °C (−52.1 °F; 226.5 K) Critical point (T, P) 95.2 °C (203.4 °F; 368.3 K), 53 standard atmospheres (5,400 kPa; 780 psi) 0.06 g/(100 ml) (20 °C), slow hydrolysis Vapor pressure10.5 atm (20 °C) Viscosity3.91 × 10 Pa·s (@ melting point) Structure Tetrahedral Thermochemistry 278.97 J/(mol·K) −21.42 kJ/mol Hazards Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
oxidizing, toxic. Non-corrosive. NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
3
0
3
OX
3 ppm Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): 385 ppm (rat, 4 hr)
451 ppm (dog, 4 hr) 2000 ppm (rat, 40 min)
451 ppm (dog, 4 hr) NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
TWA 3 ppm (13.5 mg/m)
REL (Recommended)
TWA 3 ppm (14 mg/m) ST 6 ppm (28 mg/m)
IDLH (Immediate danger)
100 ppm
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Perchloryl fluoride is a reactive gas with the chemical formulaClO3F. It has a characteristic sweet odor that resembles gasoline and kerosene. It is toxic and is a powerful oxidizing and fluorinating agent. It is the acid fluoride of perchloric acid.

In spite of its small enthalpy of formation (ΔfH° = −5.2 kcal/mol (−22 kJ/mol)), it is kinetically stable, decomposing only at 400 °C. It is quite reactive towards reducing agents and anions, however, with the chlorine atom acting as an electrophile. It reacts explosively with reducing agents such as metal amides, metals, hydrides, etc. Its hydrolysis in water occurs very slowly, unlike that of chloryl fluoride.

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