North Kalimantan

North Kalimantan (Indonesian: Kalimantan Utara) is a province of Indonesia. It is located in the northernmost part of Kalimantan, the Indonesian portion of the island of Borneo. North Kalimantan is bordered by the Malaysian states of Sabah to the north and Sarawak to the west, and by the Indonesian province of East Kalimantan to the south. The town of Tanjung Selor serves as the capital of the province, while Tarakan is the largest urban area, the province's sole city and financial centre.

Formed on 25 October 2012, North Kalimantan was separated from the province of East Kalimantan in order to reduce development disparity and Malaysia's influence over the territory. North Kalimantan covers 69,901 square kilometres and consists of four regencies and one city. It had a population of 524,656 at the 2010 Census and 701,784 at the 2020 Census, making it at that time the least populous province in Indonesia, until the subsequent creation in 2022 of the new provinces of South Papua (which became the new least populous province), West Papua and Southwest Papua. The official estimate as at mid 2025 was 749,370 people (comprising 393,130 males and 356,240 females). Most of the province is sparsely populated.