New Fourth Army Incident

Belligerents

Republic of China

• KMT

New Fourth Army

• CCP

Commanders and leadersGu Zhutong
Shangguan Yunxiang
Huang BaitaoYe Ting(POW)
Xiang Ying†
Yuan Guoping†Units involved

3rd Military Region

• 32nd Army Group

New 4th ArmyStrength 80,000 9,000Casualties and losses 2,000+ casualties 7,000 dead, captured, or missing

The New Fourth Army Incident (Chinese: 新四軍事件), also known as the South Anhui Incident or Wannan Incident (Chinese: 皖南事變), occurred in China in January 1941 during the Second Sino-Japanese War, during which the Chinese Civil War was in theory suspended, uniting the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and Nationalists under a United Front against the Japanese. It is significant as the end of substantive cooperation between the Nationalists and the CCP. Today, ROC and PRC historians view the New Fourth Army Incident differently. From the ROC point of view, the CCP attacked first and the incident was a punishment for its insubordination; from the PRC view, it was Nationalist treachery.