Mamluk Sultanate

State in Egypt, Hejaz and Syria (1250–1517) Mamluk Sultanateدولة الأتراك (Arabic)Dawlat al-Atrāk'State of The Turks'1250–1517Extent of the Mamluk Sultanate under Sultan Al-Nasir MuhammadStatusSultanateCapitalCairoOfficial languagesArabicCommon languages Arabic (majority) Coptic (minority) Mamluk-Kipchak Circassian Oghuz Turkic Religion Sunni Islam (state) Shia Islam (minority) Alawism (minority) Christianity (minority) Judaism (minority) DemonymMamlukGovernmentSemi-feudal stratocratic elective monarchyCaliph • 1261 Al-Mustansir (first)• 1262–1302 Al-Hakim I• 1406–1414 Abū al-Faḍl Al-Musta'in• 1508–1516 Al-Mutawakkil III (last) Sultan • 1250 Shajar al-Durr (first)• 1250–1257 Aybak• 1260–1277 Baybars• 1516–1517 Tuman Bay II (last) History • Murder of Turanshah 2 May 1250• Barquq overthrows al-Salih Hajji; Burji rule begins November 1382• Ottoman conquest of Cairo 22 January 1517 Preceded by Succeeded by Abbasid Caliphate Ayyubid dynasty Kingdom of Jerusalem Principality of Antioch County of Tripoli Makuria Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia Tahirid Sultanate Ottoman Empire Part of a series on the History of Egypt Prehistoric Egypt Paleoli