Mallory-Weiss Syndrome

Causes

Additionally, bleeding from Mallory-Weiss tears is often associated with individuals who have a history of portal hypertension and esophageal varices. Portal hypertension is where there is increased pressure within the venous portal system. Additionally, studies that were performed in patients with cirrhosis (scaring/fibrosis of the liver) who also had portal hypertension have shown that an increase in portal pressure can cause an increase in intra-abdominal pressure. These increases in intra-abdominal pressure are associated with Mallory-Weiss Syndrome. More severe upper gastrointestinal bleeds are associated with concurrent portal hypertension and esophageal varices. The formation of esophageal varices (dilated veins) is linked to the presence of portal hypertension. Additionally, esophageal varices can rupture which can be fatal.