Judaism

Religion of the Jewish people JudaismיַהֲדוּתYahăḏūṯCollection of Judaica (clockwise from top):Candlesticks for Shabbat, a cup for ritual handwashing, a Chumash and a Tanakh, a Yad, a shofar, and an etrog box.TypeEthnic religionClassificationAbrahamicScripture Hebrew Bible Traditions: Talmud Exegesis: Midrash TheologyMonotheisticRegionIsrael and worldwide as minoritiesLanguageBiblical Hebrew and Biblical AramaicFounderAbraham and Moses (according to tradition)Origin1st millennium BCE 20th–18th century BCE (traditional) Judah Mesopotamia (traditional)Separated fromYahwismSeparations Samaritanism Mandaeism Christianity Number of followersc. 14.8 million (referred to as Jews, 2025) Part of a series onJudaism Movements Orthodox Haredi Hasidic Modern Open Traditional Conservadox Conservative Reform Reconstructionist Humanistic Renewal Science Karaite Haymanot Philosophy Principles of faith Kabbalah Messiah Ethics Chosenness God Names Musar movement Texts Tanakh Torah Nevi'im Ketuvim Ḥumash Siddur Piyutim Zohar Rabbinic Mishnah Talmud Midrash Tosefta Law Mishneh Torah Tur Shulchan Aruch Mishnah Berurah Aruch HaShulchan Kashrut Tzniut Tzedakah Niddah Noahide laws Holy ci