Greenhouse Gas Pollution Pricing Act

The Greenhouse Gas Pollution Pricing Act (French: Loi sur la tarification de la pollution causée par les gaz à effet de serre) is a Canadian federal law establishing a set of minimum national standards for carbon pricing in Canada to meet emission reduction targets under the Paris Agreement. It was passed as Part 5 of the Budget Implementation Act, 2018, No. 1 – an omnibus budget bill – during the 42nd Parliament of Canada. The law came into force immediately upon receiving royal assent on June 21, 2018.

On March 25, 2021, the Supreme Court of Canada rejected the 2019 appeal of the provinces of Alberta, Ontario, and Saskatchewan and ruled in Reference re Greenhouse Gas Pollution Pricing Act that the GHGPPA was constitutional. Commentators had varying reactions to who the ruling benefited most politically, with some stating that it represented a blow to the group of conservative premiers that made opposition to carbon pricing a central aspect of their policies.

However, on March 14, 2025, Trudeau's successor as prime minister, Mark Carney, removed the consumer carbon tax implemented via the Act through a prime ministerial directive that was affirmed by an order-in-council signed by the Governor General.