Government of Qatar

References

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2. ^ 127, 135. The Qatari system also fits in perfectly with classical definitions of authoritarianism ... More than just an authoritarian system, Qatar's may be called, in the words of Daniel Brumberg, a "total autocracy." ... Brumberg distinguishes between what he calls "liberalized" and "total" autocracies. Liberalized autocracies are characterized by "an adaptable ecology of repression, control, and partial openness," whereas total autocracies feature hegemonic state institutions that seek to "absorb or repress rival political voices" and "spread the idea that the state's mission is to defend the supposedly unified nature" of the nation and the community. Although total autocracies tend to be the exception rather than the rule, Qatar appears to fit the category neatly.
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19. ^ , Comparative Electoral Politics and the Quest for Representation in West Asia and North Africa, Singapore: Springer Nature, pp. 365–390, doi:10.1007/978-981-95-3704-4_15, Approved in 2003 but delayed until 2021, the elections coincided with global attention before the 2022 FIFA World Cup, suggesting a strategic move to enhance Qatar's international image rather than deepen democratic governance. Thus, while Shura Council elections initially promised greater representation, their abrupt termination reveals Qatar's prioritization of political stability and global prestige over substantive democratization and meaningful participation. ... Initially seen as an important step towards participation, the 2021 Shura Council elections, approved in 2003 but delayed until after the 2017 Gulf blockade, were cancelled shortly after Qatar hosted the 2022 FIFA World Cup (Muftah, 2021). The timing suggests strategic manoeuvring to enhance Qatar's international image under global scrutiny. Repeated election delays since 2003 likely served as symbolic reforms intended to manage domestic expectations and bolster global legitimacy, rather than advance genuine political liberalization.
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35. ^. According to Article 1: Qatar is an independent Arab country. Islam is its religion and Sharia law is the main source of its legislation.
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