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Topic summary

Friday mosque

Friday mosque

Extracted from the Wikipedia article Congregational mosque.

References

  1. ^ . Oxford University Press. p. 340. ISBN  2024.
  2. ^ 2024. masjid al- haram jami` masajid Makkah ? " [ Does praying anywhere in Mecca
  3. ^ 549. ISBN . Islam requires no physical structure for valid prayer, which may be performed anywhere, and a minimal masjid ("place of prostration") may consist only of lines marked on the ground, but a building constructed especially for the purpose is preferred, in particular for congregational prayer at Friday noon, the principal weekly service. Such a building may be called a masjid or a jāmi (Turk. cami), from masjid al-jāmi῾ (Pers. masjid-i jāmi῾; Urdu jāmi῾ masjid), meaning "congregational mosque." This term is often rendered in English as "great mosque," or "Friday mosque," a translation of masjid-i juma῾, a Persian variant.
  4. Uurlu, A. Hilâl; Yalman, Suzan (2020). "Introduction". The Friday Mosque in the City: Liminality, Ritual, and Politics. Intellect Books. ISBN . The English term 'mosque' derives from the Arabic masjid, a term designating a place of prostration, whereas the term jami', which is translated variously as Friday mosque, great mosque or congregational mosque, originates from the Arabic term jama', meaning to gather.
  5. Bearman, Peri (2014). "Masjid Jāmiʿ". In Emad El-Din, Shahin (ed.). The Oxford Encyclopedia of Islam and Politics. Oxford University Press. ISBN . The Friday prayer (ṣalāt al-jumʿa), which is mandatory for every adult male Muslim (Shiite Islam makes an exception if no Imam is present), came to be conducted in a large, congregational mosque, known as the masjid jāmiʿ (< Ar. jamaʿa "to assemble"), or Friday mosque. In the early Islamic period, only one Friday mosque in a community was permitted, since the address to the congregation was to be conducted by the ruler of that community. With the growth of the Muslim population, however, this became increasingly untenable.
  6. Canby, Sheila R.; Beyazit, Deniz; Rugiadi, Martina; Peacock, A. C. S. (2016-04-27). "Glossary". Court and Cosmos: The Great Age of the Seljuqs. Metropolitan Museum of Art. ISBN . masjid-i jami (Turkish, Ulu Cami) Congregational mosque where the male Muslim community performs the Friday prayer, during which the khutba is pronounced; also known as a Great Mosque or a Friday Mosque.
  7. Petersen, Andrew (1996). "jami or jami masjid". Dictionary of Islamic architecture. Routledge. p. 131. ISBN . A congregational mosque which can be used by all the community for Friday prayers.
  8. Esposito, John L., ed. (2009). "Mosque". The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World. Oxford University Press. ISBN . Jāmiʿ is a designation for the congregational mosque dedicated to Friday communal prayer; in modern times it is used interchangeably with masjid.
  9. Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; Rowson, Everett (eds.). "Friday prayer". Encyclopaedia of Islam, Three. Brill. ISSN 1873-9830. All schools but the Ḥanbalīs require that Friday prayers be held in a physical edifice; the Ḥanbalīs hold that they can be performed in a tent or in the open country. The schools of law differ on the number of participants required to constitute a valid congregation for Friday prayers: the Shāfiʿīs and Ḥanbalīs require forty, the Mālikīs twelve, and the Ḥanafīs only two or three praying behind the imām (in each case, counting only persons obligated to perform the prayer). Such limitations had significant practical repercussions, as when the Ḥanafī authorities of Bukhārā prevented the performance of Friday congregational prayers at a congregational mosque (jāmiʿ) erected in a substantial community in the region in the fifth/eleventh century and ultimately razed the building (Wheatley, 235). Shāfiʿīs further required that Friday prayers be held at only one place in each settlement. Until the fourth/tenth century, the number of Friday mosques (designated congregational mosques with a pulpit) was severely limited, even in major metropolitan centres; in later centuries, Friday mosques proliferated to accommodate the needs of urban populations (Wheatley, 234–5).
  10. Ettinghausen, Richard; Grabar, Oleg; Jenkins, Marilyn (2001). Islamic Art and Architecture: 650–1250 (2nd ed.). Yale University Press. p. 20. ISBN . They were thus not only religious buildings but also the main social and political centres, as implied by the construct al-masjid al-jami῾, usually translated as congregational mosque.
  11. Hattstein, Markus; Delius, Peter, eds. (2011). "Glossary". Islam: Art and Architecture. h.f.ullmann. p. 610. ISBN . Mosque (Ar.: masjid, Turk.: cami, Engl.: "place of prostration") The general term masjid refers to mosques that could be used every day. The particularly important Friday (or congregational) mosques, where the communal Friday worship is held, are called masjid-i jami or -i juma.
  12. ^
  13. ^
  14. ^ 84. ISBN .
  15. ^ 21. ISBN . OCLC 1229090641.
  16. ^ . ISSN 2571-0915.
  17. ^ 44. doi:10.33134/eeja.169.
  18. ^ 549. ISBN . Islam requires no physical structure for valid prayer, which may be performed anywhere, and a minimal masjid ("place of prostration") may consist only of lines marked on the ground, but a building constructed especially for the purpose is preferred, in particular for congregational prayer at Friday noon, the principal weekly service. Such a building may be called a masjid or a jāmi (Turk. cami), from masjid al-jāmi῾ (Pers. masjid-i jāmi῾; Urdu jāmi῾ masjid), meaning "congregational mosque." This term is often rendered in English as "great mosque," or "Friday mosque," a translation of masjid-i juma῾, a Persian variant.
  19. ^ 656. Linguistic usage varied somewhat in course of time with conditions. In the time of ʿUmar there was properly in every town only one masd̲j̲id d̲j̲āmiʿ for the Friday service. But when the community became no longer a military camp and Islam replaced the previous religion of the people, a need for a number of mosques for the Friday service was bound to arise. This demanded mosques for the Friday service in the country, in the villages on the one hand and several Friday mosques in the town on the other. This meant in both cases an innovation, compared with old conditions, and thus there arose some degree of uncertainty. The Friday service had to be conducted by the ruler of the community, but there was only one governor in each province; on the other hand, the demands of the time could hardly be resisted and, besides, the Christian converts to Islam had been used to a solemn weekly service. (...) The great spread of Friday mosques was reflected in the language. While inscriptions of the 8th/14th century still call quite large mosques masd̲j̲id, in the 9th/15th most of them are called d̲j̲āmiʿ (cf. on the whole question, van Berchem, CIA, i, 173-4); and while now the madrasa [q.v.] begins to predominate and is occasionally also called d̲j̲āmiʿ, the use of the word masd̲j̲id becomes limited. While, generally speaking, it can mean any mosque (e.g. al-Maḳrīzī, iv, 137, of the Muʾayyad mosque), it is more especially used of the smaller unimportant mosques.
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  22. ^ 706.
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  24. ^ 192.
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  27. ^ 316. ISBN .
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Wikipedia source