Topic summary
Figurative language

Extracted from the Wikipedia article Literal and figurative language.
Figurative language
Instances of figurative language, commonly called figures of speech (though this can have other, slightly distinct meanings as well), range from simile to metaphor to hyperbole to many other types. Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of Literature says that figurative language can be classified in five categories: resemblance or relationship, emphasis or understatement, figures of sound, verbal games, and errors.