Economy of Iran

Iran has a developingmixed economy that is centrally planned through its large public sector. With a population of over 90 million, Iran has an economic output of $362.68 billion in nominal GDP and $1.78 trillion as measured by purchasing power parity (PPP) as of 2026. Its energy sector is home to 10% of the world's proven oil reserves and 15% of the world's gas reserves, often projecting Iran as an "energy superpower".

Since the 1979 Islamic revolution, the Iranian economy has experienced slower economic growth, high inflation, and recurring crises. A variety of armed conflicts in the region – as well as foreign interventions and economic sanctions – have exacerbated economic pressures from 1980s to the 2020s. The nation has experienced varied levels of "brain drain" due to Iranians seeking overseas employment or immigration. Inflation in Iran has been persistent and caused mass protests.

The nation's nuclear program and foreign policy have placed Iran under sustained international sanctions, deterring foreign and domestic investment with adverse humanitarian impact. The periodic lifting of these sanctions have supported an emerging tourism industry. Its official currency, the Iranian rial, has fallen significantly since the 2010s, leading to mass protests over its purchasing power. Iran maintains low international rankings on economic freedom and "ease of doing business".