Dervish State

References

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   *Osman Omar, Mohamed (2001). The Scramble in the Horn of Africa; History of Somalia (1827-1977)(PDF). Indiana University. p. 333. Archived from the original(PDF) on 13 July 2018. . This letter is sent by all the Dervishes, the Amir, and all the Dolbahanta to the Ruler of Berbera ... We are a Government, we have a Sultan, an Amir, and Chiefs, and subjects ... In his last letter the Mullah pretends to speak in the name of the Dervishes, their Amir (himself), and the Dolbahanta tribes. This letter shows his object is to establish himself as the Ruler of the Dolbahanta, and it has a Mahdist look
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10. ^ 2026. ... is burdened with no commissariat. Fifty thousand square miles ... are apparently at his disposal
11. ^ , in John M. Mackenzie (ed.), The Encyclopedia of Empire, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, pp. 1–2, doi:10.1002/9781118455074.wbeoe069, ISBN  2022
12. ^ . University of Liepzig. p. 5. It sent infantry and warplanes to Taleh, the 'capital' of the Dervish state.
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17. ^ 37. ISBN .
18. ^ 61, 70–72 with footnotes. ISBN .
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21. ^ 39. ISBN .
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34. ^ . The Journal of African History. 5 (3). Cambridge University Press: 415–433. doi:10.1017/S0021853700005107. JSTOR 179976. S2CID 162991126 2024.
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38. ^ 2024.
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42. ^ 151. ISBN . Men of religious learning and authority were well-positioned in these societies [Somaliland, Sudan, Northwest Frontier of British India] to straddle the disparate and often conflicting interests of local peoples. The protection of Islam became their rallying cry, providing a coherent narrative of and justification for resistance against the forces of colonialism, as well as a unifying force which superseded particularist tribal identities.
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44. ^ 44. ISBN .
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47. ^ 59. ISBN .{{}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility ()
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51. ^ 97.
52. ^ 34. ISBN .
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61. ^ . Indiana University. p. 333. Archived from the original(PDF) on 13 July 2018. . This letter is sent by all the Dervishes, the Amir, and all the Dolbahanta to the Ruler of Berbera ... We are a Government, we have a Sultan, an Amir, and Chiefs, and subjects ... In his last letter the Mullah pretends to speak in the name of the Dervishes, their Amir (himself), and the Dolbahanta tribes. This letter shows his object is to establish himself as the Ruler of the Dolbahanta, and it has a Mahdist look
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    *Bartram, R (1903). The annihilation of Colonel Plunkett's force. The Marion Star. By his marriage he extended his influence from Abyssinia, on the west, to the borders of Italian Somaliland, on the east. The Ali Gheri were his first followers.
    *Hamilton, Angus (1911). Field Force. Hutchinson & Co. p. 50. it appeared for the nonce as if he were content with the homage paid to his learnings and devotional sincerity by the Ogaden and Dolbahanta tribes. The Ali Gheri were his first followers
    *Leys, Thomson (1903). The British Sphere. Auckland Star. p. 5. Ali Gheri were his first followers, while these were presently joined by two sections of the Ogaden
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80. ^ 13. ISBN .
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82. ^ 97. ISBN .
83. ^ 24, 72–73. ISBN .
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