Cultural Muslims

Cultural Muslims, also known as secular Muslims, nominal Muslims, non-practicing Muslims or non-observing Muslims, are people who identify as Muslim but are not practicing. They may variously be non-observing, secular, irreligious, or individuals who still identify with Islam due to belief, spirituality, family backgrounds, personal experiences, ethnic and national heritage, or the social and cultural environment in which they grew up.

Cultural Muslims can be found across the world and in several countries and regions, self-reported Muslims practice the religion at low levels, and for some, their "Muslim" identity is associated with cultural or ethnic or national heritage, rather than merely religious faith. Official census data in Muslim-majority countries intentionally do not track or report an explicit category for "no religion" or irreligion.

Reactions to the concept exhibit considerable variance across Islamic communities, manifesting as either curiosity or indifference, particularly concerning individuals devoid of a prior Muslim identity. Conversely, Cultural Muslims are frequently classified as kafir (non-believers) by fundamentalist factions, who perceive previously devout individuals as having gone "astray".