Civil conflicts in Vietnam (1945–1949)

Communists:

• Democratic Republic of Vietnam
  • Việt Minh
    • Indochinese Communist Party
    • Democratic Party of Vietnam
    • Socialist Party of Vietnam
    • Vanguard Youth
  • Pro-Viet Minh VRL
  • Pro-Viet-Minh Bình Xuyên (1945–1946)
  • Buddhist Association for National Salvation
  • Catholic Association for National Salvation
  • Pro-Viet Minh Caodaists
  • Dân xã Hòa Hảo Resistance League
  • Pro-Viet Minh protestants

Co-belligerent:
France (1946)

Nationalists:

• Nationalist Parties Front (1945–1946)
  • Đại Việt QDĐ
  • Việt Nam QDĐ
• (1947-1949)
• National Protective Youth Union (from 1947)
• Vietnam Revolutionary League
• Đại Việt Duy Dân Đảng (1945-1946)
• Vietnam National Restoration League
• 
• Vietnam Evangelical Church

Warlords:

• Vietnam Catholic Federation (from 1947)
• Hòa Hảo
  • Vietnamese Democratic Socialist Party
• Tây Ninh Holy See
  • Caodaist Army
• Bình Xuyên
• Pure Land Buddhist Laity Association

Trotskyist:

• Struggle Group
• October Group
• Hòn Gai-Cẩm Phả Commune

Autonomous Cochinchina (1946–1948)
Provisional Central Government of Vietnam (1948–1949)

Monarchists:

• Empire of Vietnam (1945)
  • National Unified Front
  • Đại Việt Phục hưng Hội
  • Đại Việt National Socialist Party
• Empire of Japan

Constitutionalist:

• Indochinese Constitutionalist Party

• People's Army of Vietnam
  • Viet Minh National Guards
  • Vanguard Youth
  • Religious militias
• Bình Xuyên resistance forces

Total: 100,000

• Tonkinese (1946)