Battle of Munda

Belligerents Caesarians
Mauretania PompeiansCommanders and leadersJulius Caesar
Quintus Fabius Maximus
Quintus Pedius
Gaius Caninius Rebilus
Bogud of MauretaniaGnaeus Pompeius Magnus†
Sextus Pompeius
Titus Labienus†
Publius Attius Varus†Strength 8 legions, 8,000 cavalry, auxiliaries unknown

Total:c. 50,000−60,000 13 legions, cavalry and auxiliaries

Total:c. 70,000Casualties and losses 1,000 killed or missing
500 wounded 30,000 killed

The Battle of Munda (17 March 45 BC), in southern Hispania Ulterior, was the final battle of Caesar's civil war against the leaders of the Optimates. With the military victory at Munda and the deaths of Titus Labienus and Gnaeus Pompeius (eldest son of Pompey), Caesar was politically able to return in triumph to Rome, and then govern as the elected Roman dictator. Subsequently, the assassination of Julius Caesar furthered the long Republican decline that led to the Roman Empire, initiated with the reign of the emperor Augustus.