Battle of Castillon

BelligerentsCommanders and leadersJean Bureau
Peter II
Jacques de Chabannes
Jean V de BueilJohn Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury†
John Talbot, Viscount Lisle†
John de Foix, Earl of Kendal(POW)Strength 7,000–9,000
1,000 Bretons
300 guns 5,000–10,000Casualties and losses 100 killed or wounded 4,000 killed or captured

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The rest of the army surrenders the next day

The Battle of Castillon was a battle between the forces of England and France which took place on 17 July 1453 in Gascony near the town of Castillon-sur-Dordogne (later Castillon-la-Bataille). On the day of the battle, the English commander, John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury, mistakenly believing that the enemy was retreating, led a relatively small advance force of his army in an attack on a strongly fortified French encampment without waiting for reinforcements. Talbot then refused to withdraw even after realising the strength of the French position, allowing the French artillery to destroy his reinforcements piecemeal. Castillon was the first major European battle won through the extensive use of field artillery.

The battle led to the English losing nearly all their holdings in France, especially Gascony, which had been a possession of the Plantagenet kings for the previous three centuries. Political instability ensued in England.