Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989)

1944–1989 resistance Anti-Communist Resistance in PolandPart of the Cold War, anti-communist insurgencies in Central and Eastern Europe, and the Revolutions of 1989Date22 July 1944 – 22 December 1990(46 years and 5 months)LocationPoland, Territories of Poland annexed by the Soviet UnionResult Defeat of armed insurgents by the mid-1950sVictory of anti-Communist opposition in 1989 after bilateral negotiations Polish Round Table Agreement Semi-free parliamentary elections held in 1989 and free presidential elections in 1990 Fall of Communism in PolandBelligerents Opposition movements Armed insurgents (1944–1963) Cursed soldiers Dissident movements Solidarity (1980–1989) Anti-government protesters and strikers Government defectors Supported by: Government-in-exile United States United KingdomWestern Bloc Holy See (from 1978)Catholic Church in Poland Polish People's RepublicSupported by: Soviet UnionEastern BlocCommanders and leaders Łukasz Ciepliński Witold Pilecki Zygmunt Szendzielarz Romuald Rajs Józef Kuraś †...and others Lech Wałęsa Bronisław Geremek Jacek Kuroń Adam Michnik Władysław Frasyniuk...and others Bolesław Bierut Edward Ochab Władysław Gomułka Edwa