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Topic summary

Acetone cyanohydrin

Acetone cyanohydrin
Names Preferred IUPAC name
2-Hydroxy-2-methylpropanenitrile
Other names
  • Cyanohydrin-2-propanone
  • α-Hydroxyisobutyronitrile
  • 2-Hydroxy-2-methyl-propionitrile
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
605391 ChEBI
ChemSpider
DrugBank
ECHA InfoCard100.000.828EC Number
  • 200-909-4
KEGG
MeSHacetone+cyanohydrin
RTECS number
  • OD9275000
UNII
UN number1541
  • InChI=1S/C4H7NO/c1-4(2,6)3-5/h6H,1-2H3
    Key: MWFMGBPGAXYFAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • CC(C)(O)C#N
Properties C4H7NOMolar mass85.106 g·mol Appearance Colourless liquid Density932 mg·mL Melting point−21.2 °C; −6.3 °F; 251.9 K Boiling point95 °C; 203 °F; 368 K Vapor pressure2 kPa (at 20 °C) 1.399 Thermochemistry −121.7 to −120.1 kJ·mol −2.4514 to −2.4498 MJ·mol Hazards GHS labelling: DangerH300, H310, H330, H410P260, P273, P280, P284, P301+P310NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
4
1
2
Flash point75 °C (167 °F; 348 K) Explosive limits2.25–11% Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
  • 15.8 mg·kg (dermal, rabbit)
  • 18.65 mg·kg (oral, rat)
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
None
REL (Recommended)
C 1 ppm (4 mg·m) [15-minute]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
N.D. Safety data sheet (SDS) fishersci.comRelated compounds
Related alkanenitriles
Related compounds
DBNPA
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Acetone cyanohydrin (ACH) is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)2C(OH)CN. It is a colorless liquid used in the production of methyl methacrylate, the monomer of the transparent plastic polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), also known as acrylic. It liberates hydrogen cyanide easily, so it is used as a source of such. For this reason, this cyanohydrin is also highly toxic.

Wikipedia source