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Women's suffrage in New Zealand

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Women's suffrage was an important political issue in late nineteenth-century New Zealand. In early colonial New Zealand, as in other European societies, women were excluded from any involvement in politics. Public opinion began to change in the latter half of the nineteenth century and after years of effort by women's suffrage campaigners, led by Kate Sheppard, New Zealand became the first nation in the world in which all women had the right to vote in parliamentary elections.

1893 New Zealand general election1893 New Zealand general electionResults of the election.The 1893 New Zealand general election was held on 28 November and 20 December in the European and Māori electorates, respectively, to elect 74 MPs to the 12th session of the New Zealand Parliament. The election was won by the Liberal Party, and Richard Seddon became prime minister.John BallanceJohn BallanceJohn Ballance (27 March 1839 – 27 April 1893) was a New Zealand politician who served as the 14th premier of New Zealand from January 1891 until his death in April 1893. He governed as the leader of New Zealand's first organised political party, the New Zealand Liberal Party, which was formed shortly after the 1890 election. Born in Ireland, Ballance emigrated to New Zealand in 1866, where he initially worked as a journalist before entering politics.Julius VogelJulius VogelSir Julius Vogel (24 February 1835 – 12 March 1899) was the eighth premier of New Zealand. His administration is best remembered for the issuing of bonds to fund railway construction and other public works. He was the first Jewish prime minister of New Zealand. Historian Warwick R. Armstrong assesses Vogel's strengths and weaknesses: Vogel's politics were like his nature, imaginative – and occasionally brilliant – but reckless and speculative.Women's suffrageWomen's suffrageLegal right of women to voteUniversal suffrage for womenKate SheppardKate SheppardKatherine Wilson Sheppard (born Catherine Wilson Malcolm; 10 March 1848 – 13 July 1934) was a New Zealand suffragist known for organising the 1893 Women's Suffrage Petition which resulted in New Zealand becoming the first country to establish universal suffrage. Born in Liverpool, England, she emigrated to New Zealand with her family in 1868.Elizabeth Yates (mayor)Elizabeth Yates (mayor)Elizabeth Yates (née Oman, 1840 – 6 September 1918) was a New Zealand politician who served as the mayor of Onehunga borough for most of 1894. She was the first female mayor in the British Empire. BiographyYates was born Elizabeth Oman in Caithness, Scotland in 1840. She arrived to New Zealand with her family around December 1853 aboard the Berwick Castle.Māori electoratesMāori electoratesA Māori electorate (officially a Māori electoral district and colloquially a Māori seat; Māori: ngā tūru Māori) is a geographic constituency used for electing a member (MP) to represent the Māori people in the New Zealand Parliament. Māori electorates are a type of reserved seat, in contrast to general electorates for the representation of all others. Since 1867, every part of the country has been covered by both a general and a Māori electorate.New ZealandNew ZealandNew Zealand is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It comprises two main landmasses—the North Island (Te Ika-a-Māui) and the South Island (Te Waipounamu)—and over 700 smaller islands. It is the sixth-largest island country by area and lies east of Australia across the Tasman Sea and south of the islands of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga.Royal assentRoyal assentRoyal assent is the method by which a monarch formally approves an act of the legislature, either directly or through an official acting on the monarch's behalf. In some jurisdictions, royal assent is equivalent to promulgation, while in others that is a separate step. Under a modern constitutional monarchy, royal assent is considered little more than a formality.David Boyle, 7th Earl of GlasgowDavid Boyle, 7th Earl of GlasgowDavid Boyle, 7th Earl of Glasgow (31 May 1833 – 13 December 1915), was a British naval commander and colonial governor. He served as Governor of New Zealand between 1892 and 1897. BackgroundBoyle was the son of Patrick Boyle (eldest son of David Boyle, Lord Boyle, by his first wife, Elizabeth Montgomerie). His mother was Mary Frances Elphinstone-Dalrymple, daughter of Sir Robert Dalrymple-Horn-Elphinstone, 1st Baronet. He succeeded in the earldom in 1890.British EmpireBritish EmpireThe British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. It began with the overseas possessions and trading posts established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries, and colonisation attempts by Scotland during the 17th century.OnehungaOnehungaOnehunga is a suburb of Auckland in New Zealand and the location of the Port of Onehunga, the city's small port on the Manukau Harbour. It is eight kilometres (five miles) south of the city centre, close to the volcanic cone of Maungakiekie / One Tree Hill. Onehunga is a residential and light-industrial suburb. There are almost 1,000 commercial and industrial businesses in the area. Onehunga stretches south from Royal Oak to the northern shore of the Manukau Harbour.

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