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William Caxton

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William Caxton (c. 1422 – c. 1491) was an English merchant, diplomat and writer. He is thought to be the first person to introduce a printing press into England in 1476, and as a printer to be the first English retailer of printed books. His parentage and date of birth are not known for certain, but he may have been born between 1415 and 1424, perhaps in the Weald or wood land of Kent, perhaps in Hadlow or Tenterden. In 1438 he was apprenticed to Robert Large, a wealthy London silk mercer.

Printing pressPrinting pressMachine for applying ink under pressure Printing pressA recreated Gutenberg press at the International Printing Museum in Carson, CaliforniaClassificationMachineApplicationPrintingInventorJohannes GutenbergInventedc. 1440 Part of a series on theHistory of printing TechniquesPintadera10,000 BCWoodblock printing200Movable type1040Intaglio (printmaking)1430Printing pressc. 1440Etchingc.Robert LargeRobert LargeRobert Large (died 1441) was a London merchant, a member of the Worshipful Company of Mercers, who was Mayor of London and a Member of Parliament. He served as one of the Mercers' four yearly wardens in 1427 and was Sheriff of London in 1430-31. In 1437/8, he was the wealthy master to whom the young William Caxton was apprenticed. He was Member of Parliament in 1435 for the City of London as one of the two aldermanic representatives and was elected Lord Mayor in 1439-40.BrugesBrugesBruges ( , French:; Dutch: Brugge; West Flemish: Brugge) is the capital and largest city of the province of West Flanders, in the Flemish Region of Belgium. It is located in the northwest of the country, and is the sixth most populous city in Belgium. The predominant language is Dutch (West Flemish). The area of the whole city amounts to more than 14,099 hectares (140.99 km; 54.44 sq.HadlowHadlowHadlow is a village and civil parish in the borough of Tonbridge and Malling in Kent, England. It is situated in the Medway valley, north-east of Tonbridge and south-west of Maidstone. The Saxon name for the settlement was Haeselholte (in the Textus Roffensis). The Domesday Book records it as Haslow and in the Middle Ages it became Hadloe and then Hadlow.Company of Merchant Adventurers of LondonCompany of Merchant Adventurers of LondonThe Company of Merchant Adventurers of London was a trading company founded in the City of London in the early 15th century. It brought together leading merchants in a regulated company in the nature of a guild. Its members’ main business was exporting cloth, especially white (undyed) broadcloth, in exchange for a large range of foreign goods. It traded in northern European ports, competing with the Hanseatic League. It came to focus on Hamburg.KentKentCounty of EnglandNon-metropolitan and ceremonial county in EnglandKent is a ceremonial county in South East England. It is bordered by Essex across the Thames Estuary to the north, the Strait of Dover to the south-east, East Sussex to the south-west, Surrey to the west, and Greater London to the north-west. The county has an area of 3,544 square kilometres (1,368 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 1,931,684 in 2024.Kingdom of EnglandKingdom of EnglandSovereign state in Europe before 1707Today part ofUnited KingdomEnglandWalesScotland (Lothian and the Scottish Borders; partially)The Kingdom of England was a sovereign state on the island of Great Britain from 927, when all of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms were united under the rule of Æthelstan, until 1 May 1707, when it relinquished its sovereignty along with Scotland to form the Kingdom of Great Britain, which would later become the United Kingdom.MerceryMercery (from French mercerie, meaning "haberdashery") initially referred to silk, linen and fustian textiles among various other piece goods imported to England in the 12th century. Eventually, the term evolved to refer to a merchant or trader of textile goods, especially imported textile goods, particularly in England. A merchant would be known as a mercer, and the profession as mercery.WealdWealdThe Weald () is an area of South East England between the parallel chalkescarpments of the North and the South Downs. It crosses the counties of Hampshire, Surrey, West Sussex, East Sussex, and Kent. It has three parts, the sandstone "High Weald" in the centre, the clay "Low Weald" periphery and the Greensand Ridge, which stretches around the north and west of the Weald and includes its highest points.CologneCologneLargest city in North Rhine-Westphalia, GermanyCity in North Rhine-Westphalia, GermanyCologne ( ; German: Köln; Kölsch: Kölle) is the fourth-most populous city of Germany and the largest city of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia with over 1.0 million inhabitants in the city proper and over 3.1 million people in the Cologne Bonn urban region.TenterdenTenterdenTenterden is a town and civil parish in the Borough of Ashford in Kent, England. The 2021 census published the population of the parish to be 8,186.Printer (publishing)Printer (publishing)In publishing, printers are both companies providing printing services and individuals who directly operate printing presses. Associations of printers have called their trade that of — as in the association "The United Typothetae of America". Origins of printingThe history of printers in publishing in Western Europe dates back to the mid-15th century with the invention of the printing press.

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