History of the Republican Party (United States)The Republican Party, also known as the Grand Old Party (GOP), is one of the two major political parties in the United States. Founded in 1854, it is the second-oldest extant political party in the United States after its main political rival, the Democratic Party. The Republican Party emerged to combat the expansion of slavery into western territories after the passing of the Kansas–Nebraska Act.
Andrew JohnsonAndrew Johnson (December 29, 1808 – July 31, 1875) was the 17th president of the United States, serving from 1865 to 1869. The 16th vice president, he assumed the presidency following the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. Johnson was a War Democrat who ran with Lincoln on the National Union Party ticket in the 1864 presidential election, coming to office as the American Civil War concluded.
Union (American Civil War)The Union is a term used to refer to the federal government and loyal states of the United States during the American Civil War. Its military forces and civilian population resisted the secession of the Southernslave states that formed the Confederate States of America following the 1860 election of Abraham Lincoln as president of the United States.
1860 United States presidential electionElection of Abraham LincolnPresidential Election results map. Red denotes states won by Lincoln/Hamlin, green by Breckinridge/Lane, orange by Bell/Everett, and blue by Douglas/Johnson. Numbers indicate electoral votes cast by each state.A United States presidential election was held on November 6, 1860. The Republican Party ticket of Abraham Lincoln and Hannibal Hamlin emerged victorious.
History of the Democratic Party (United States)The Democratic Party is one of the two major political parties of the United States political system and the oldest active political party in the country. Founded in 1828, the Democratic Party is the oldest active voter-based political party in the world. The party has changed significantly during its nearly two centuries of existence.
Abraham LincolnPresident of the United States from 1861 to 1865Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was the 16th president of the United States, from 1861 until his assassination in 1865. He led the United States through the American Civil War, defeating the Confederacy and playing a major role in the abolition of slavery. Born in a one-room log cabin in Kentucky, Lincoln was raised on the frontier.
Copperhead (politics)In the 1860s, the Peace Democrats, also known as Copperheads, were a faction of the Democratic Party in the North who opposed the American Civil War and wanted an immediate peace settlement with the Confederates. Republicans started labeling anti-war Democrats "Copperheads" after the eastern copperhead (Agkistrodon contortrix), a species of venomous snake.
David TodDavid Tod (February 21, 1805 – November 13, 1868) was an American politician and industrialist from the U.S. state of Ohio. As the 25th governor of Ohio, Tod gained recognition for his forceful and energetic leadership during the American Civil War. A Democrat who supported the war effort, Tod helped to maintain a fragile alliance between the state's Republicans and War Democrats and took steps to secure Ohio's borders.
John BroughJohn Brough (; rhymes with "huff") (September 17, 1811 – August 29, 1865) was a War Democrat politician from Ohio. He served as the 26th governor of Ohio during the final years of the American Civil War, dying in office of gangrene shortly after the war concluded.
United States SenateThe United States Senate is a chamber of the bicameralUnited States Congress; it is the upper house, and the U.S. House of Representatives is the lower house. Together, the Senate and House have the authority under Article One of the Constitution to make and pass or defeat federal legislation. The Senate has exclusive power to confirm U.S. presidential appointments, to approve or reject treaties, and to convict or exonerate impeachment cases brought by the House.
Confederate States of AmericaThe Confederate States of America (CSA), also known as the Confederate States or the Confederacy, was a republic in the Southern United States from 1861 to 1865, unrecognized as a sovereign nation by either foreign governments or the United States. The Confederacy was formed on February 8, 1861, by seven states that had seceded from the Union.
American Civil WarBelligerentsUnited StatesConfederate StatesCommanders and leadersAbraham LincolnXUlysses S. GrantAndrew Johnsonand others...Jefferson Davis(POW)Robert E. Leeand others...Strength698,000 at peak2,200,000 total360,000 at peak750,000–1,000,000 totalCasualties and losses110,000+ KIA or DOW230,000+ died from accidents or disease25,000–30,000 died in Confederate prisons365,000+ total dead282,000+ wounded181,193 captured828,000+ total casualties94,000+ KIA or DOW164,000+ died from…*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.