Lachlan MacquarieMajor-GeneralLachlan Macquarie (; Scottish Gaelic: Lachlann MacGuaire; 31 January 1762 – 1 July 1824) was a British Army officer and colonial administrator from Scotland. Macquarie served as the fifth Governor of New South Wales from 1810 to 1821, and had a leading role in the social, economic, and architectural development of the colony.
Governor of New South WalesThe governor of New South Wales is the representative of the monarch, King Charles III, in the state of New South Wales. In an analogous way to the Governor-General of Australia at the national level, the governors of the Australian states perform constitutional and ceremonial functions at the state level.
Battle of VitoriaBelligerentsFranceBonapartist SpainUnited KingdomPortugalSpainCommanders and leadersJoseph IJean-Baptiste JourdanHonoré GazanComte d'ErlonHonoré Charles ReilleMarquess of WellingtonLord DalhousieSir Thomas GrahamSir Rowland HillSir Thomas PictonLowry ColeFrancisco de LongaPablo MorilloMiguel Ricardo de ÁlavaStrength 57,000–60,000153 guns: 57,000: 16,000: 8,000 Total Allied strength:81,000–90,000 96 gunsCasualties and losses756 killed4,414 wounded2,800 captured151 guns lost Total French casualties:7,970: 3,675 killed, wounded or captured: 921 killed, wounded or captured: 562 killed, wounded or captured Total Allied casualties in detail:840 killed 4,040 wounded 266 capturedTotal Allied casualties:5,158At the Battle of Vitoria (21 June 1813), a British, Portuguese and Spanish army under the Marquess of Wellington broke the French army under King Joseph Bonaparte and Marshal Jean-Baptiste Jourdan near Vitoria in Spain, eventually leading to victory in the Peninsular War.
BrisbaneBrisbane ( BRIZ-bən; Turrbal/Yagara: Meanjin) is the capital and largest city of the Australian state of Queensland and the third-most populous city in Australia, with a population of about 2.8 million. Brisbane lies at the centre of South East Queensland, a bio-geographical and urban region with an estimated population of 4.1 million as of 2024.
WiradjuriThe Wiradjuri people (Wiradjuri northern dialect pronunciation; Wiradjuri southern dialect pronunciation) are a group of Aboriginal Australian people from central New South Wales, united by common descent through kinship and shared traditions. They survived as skilled hunter-fisher-gatherers, in family groups or clans, and many still use knowledge of hunting and gathering techniques as part of their customary life.
British ArmyThe British Army is the land warfare force of the United Kingdom responsible for defending the UK, the British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies. The British Army, founded in 1707, has seen involvement in most of the world's major wars throughout history, including both world wars.
Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of WellingtonBritish Army officer and statesman (1769–1852)Selected battles3800km2361miles6Waterloo5Vitoria4Torres Vedras3Køge2Assaye1Seringapatam<maplink>: Couldn't parse JSON: Syntax error 1799–1803 1807–1813 1815Field MarshalArthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington (né Wesley; 1 May 1769 – 14 September 1852), was a British Army officer and statesman.
LargsLargs (Scottish Gaelic: An Leargaidh Ghallda) is a coastal town on the Firth of Clyde in North Ayrshire, Scotland. The original name means "the slopes" (An Leargaidh) in Scottish Gaelic. A popular seaside resort with a pier, the town's population was 10,917 in 2022. The town markets itself on its historic links with the Vikings and an annual festival is held each year in early September.
Peninsular War1807–1814 war against Napoleon in IberiaBelligerentsSpain United KingdomPortugalFirst French EmpireNapoleonic Spain [(1807–1813)Napoleonic ItalyKingdom of NaplesConfederation of the Rhine (1807–1813)Duchy of WarsawHolland (1807–1810)Swiss ConfederacyCommanders and leadersMiguel de ÁlavaJoaquín BlakeFrancisco CastañosGregorio CuestaJuan O'DonojúJuan DíezJosé de PalafoxJosé de San MartínSpencer Perceval XRobert JenkinsonArthur WellesleyWilliam BeresfordRowland HillThomas GrahamJohn Moore †John HopeEdward PakenhamJohn VIMiguel ForjazBernardim Freire XFrancisco SilveiraNapoleon IJoseph IMariano UrquijoPierre AugereauJean BessièresJean JourdanJean JunotJean LannesFrançois LefebvreJulien MermetJacques MacDonaldLaurent Saint-CyrAuguste MarmontAndré MassénaB.A. de MonceyÉdouard MortierPierre MerleJoachim MuratMichel NeyJean-de-Dieu SoultLouis SuchetClaude PerrinHorace SébastianiGuillaume DuhesmeDavid ChasséUnits involvedSpanish Army (1808–1814)British Army (1793–1815)Portuguese Army (1808–1814) • Anglo-Portuguese ArmyFrench Imperial Army (1804–1815) • Armée d'Espagne • Grande ArméeStrengthNovember 1808: 205,000 regulars (125,000 first line, 80,000 second line) 31,000 35,0001811: 55,000 guerrillasApril 1813:Wellington: 172,000 Allied troops (British and Portuguese, and Spanish under British command and subsidy) 160,000 regularsCoalition: 81,318 (53,749 British and 27,569 Portuguese) 64,000 (annual average, 1808–1814) May 1808: 165,103November 1808: 244,125February 1809: 288,551January 1810: 324,996July 1811: 291,414June 1812: 230,000October 1812: 261,933April 1813: 200,000Casualties and losses 1,000,000+ military and civilian deadLisbonMadridValenciaBailénTudelaCorunnaTalaveraCádizAlbueraCiudad RodrigoSalamancaBurgosTordesillasVitoriaToulouse1807 1808 1809 1810 1811 1812 1813 1814The Peninsular War (1808–1814) was fought in the Iberian Peninsula by the Iberian nations Spain and Portugal, along with the United Kingdom, against the invading and occupying forces of the First French Empire during the Napoleonic Wars.
List of cities in AustraliaThe definition of a city in Australia varies between the states. State capital cities may include multiple local government areas (LGAs) within their boundaries and these LGAs may be cities in their own right. Cities listed below are those as defined by the states in which they are located. Also included are former cities that have lost city status due to LGA amalgamations or other factors.
Martial lawMartial law is the replacement of civilian government by military rule and the suspension of civilian legal processes for military powers. Martial law can continue for a specified amount of time, or indefinitely, and standard civil liberties may be suspended for as long as martial law continues. Most often, martial law is declared in times of war or emergencies such as civil unrest and natural disasters.
Major general (United Kingdom)Major general (Maj Gen) is a "two-star" rank in the British Army and Royal Marines. The rank was also briefly used by the Royal Air Force for a year and a half, from its creation in April 1918 until August 1919. In the British Army, a major general is the customary rank for the appointment of division commander. In the Royal Marines, the Commandant General holds at least the rank of major general.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.