Southern MinSouthern Min (simplified Chinese: 闽南语; traditional Chinese: 閩南語; pinyin: Mǐnnányǔ; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Bân-lâm-gí/gú; lit.
PuningPuning (simplified Chinese: 普宁; traditional Chinese: 普寧; pinyin: Pǔníng; Teochew: Pou2 leng5), officially Puning City, is a county-level city located in eastern Guangdong, China, under the administration of Jieyang. Nevertheless, its administrative power in economic matters is comparable to that of prefecture-level cities.
Varieties of ChineseThere are hundreds of local Chinese language varieties forming a branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family, many of which are not mutually intelligible. Variation is particularly strong in the more mountainous southeast part of mainland China. The varieties are typically classified into ten primary groups: Mandarin, Jin, Wu, Hui, Min, Xiang, Gan, Hakka, Yue, and Pinghua though some varieties remain unclassified.
Chaoyang, ShantouChaoyang District (postal: Chaoyang; simplified Chinese: 潮阳区; traditional Chinese: 潮陽區; pinyin: Cháoyáng Qū), also rendered in English as Teo Yor (variant: Teoyeo, Tioyio, Teoyall), is a district in the municipality of Shantou, Guangdong Province, China.
Old ChineseThis article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper , you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see .Old Chinese, also called Archaic Chinese in older works, is the oldest attested stage of Chinese, and the ancestor of all modern varieties of Chinese. The earliest examples of Chinese are divinatory inscriptions on oracle bones from around 1250 BC, in the Late Shang period.
JieyangJieyang (simplified Chinese: 揭阳; traditional Chinese: 揭陽; pinyin: Jiēyáng; Chaozhou dialect: gig4 iên5; Jieyang dialect: gêg4 ion5) is a prefecture-level city in eastern Guangdong Province (Yuedong), People's Republic of China, part of the Chaoshan region. People in Jieyang speak Chaoshan Min distinct from neighbouring Yue speakers. It is historically important as the hometown of many overseas Chinese in Southeast Asia.
HokkienHokkien ( HOK-ee-en, US also HOH-kee-en) is a variety of Chinese from the Southern Min branch of the Sinitic languages, native to the Minnan region in the southern part of Fujian province in southeastern China, as well as the island of Taiwan. It is also referred to as Quanzhang, named after the prefecture-level cities of Quanzhou and Zhangzhou.
CantoneseCantonese is the traditional prestige variety of Yue Chinese, a Sinitic language belonging to the Sino-Tibetan language family. It originated in the city of Guangzhou (formerly romanized as Canton) and its surrounding Pearl River Delta.Teochew peopleThe Teochew (/tiˈoʊt͡ʃuː/), Teo-Swa, or Chaoshanese are a Han Chinese sub-ethnic group native to the Chaoshan region in south China who speak the Teochew language, a variety of Southern Min. Today, ethnic Teochew people live throughout Chaoshan and Hong Kong, but most live outside China in Southeast Asia, including in Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Cambodia, Vietnam, and the Philippines.
GuangdongProvince in South ChinaProvince in ChinaAbbreviationSimplified Chinese粤Traditional Chinese粵Guangdong is a coastal province in South China, on the north shore of the South China Sea with Guangzhou as the capital.
ChaoshanChaoshan or Teoswa (Chinese: 潮汕; pinyin: Cháoshàn; Peng'im: Dio5 suan1 [ti̯o˥˥˩˩.sũ̯ã˧˧] / Diê5 suan1 [ti̯e˥˥˩˩.sũ̯ã˧˧]) is a cultural-linguistic region in the east of Guangdong, China. It comprises the cities of Chaozhou, Jieyang and Shantou.CognateIn historical linguistics, cognates or lexical cognates are sets of words that have been inherited in direct descent from an etymological ancestor in a common parent language. Because language change can have radical effects on both the sound and the meaning of a word, cognates may not be obvious, and it often takes rigorous study of historical sources and the application of the comparative method to establish whether lexemes are cognate.
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