TaifaThe taifas (from Arabic: طائفةṭā'ifa, plural طوائفṭawā'if, meaning "party, band, faction") were the independent Muslim principalities and kingdoms of the Iberian Peninsula (modern Portugal and Spain), referred to by Muslims as al-Andalus, that emerged from the decline and fall of the UmayyadCaliphate of Córdoba between 1009 and 1031. They were a recurring feature of al-Andalus history.
Almoravid dynasty1040–1147 Berber dynasty in west Africa and IberiaThe Almoravid dynasty (Arabic: المرابطون, romanized: Al-Murābiṭūn, lit. 'those from the ribats') was a Berber Muslim dynasty centered in the territory of present-day Morocco. It established an empire that stretched over the western Maghreb and al-Andalus, starting in the 1050s and lasting until its fall to the Almohads in 1147.
Balearic IslandsThe Balearic Islands are an archipelago in the western , near the eastern coast of the Iberian Peninsula. The archipelago forms a province and autonomous community of Spain. Palma de Mallorca is its capital and largest city. Formerly part of the Kingdom of Majorca, the islands were made a Spanish province in the 19th century, and in 1983 received a Statute of Autonomy. In 2007, the islands were designated one of Spain's nationalities.
1113–1115 Balearic Islands expeditionIn 1114, an expedition to the Balearic Islands, then a Muslim taifa, was launched in the form of a Crusade. Founded on a treaty of 1113 between the Republic of Pisa and Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona, the expedition had the support of Pope Paschal II and the participation of many lords of Catalonia and Occitania, as well as contingents from northern and central Italy, Sardinia, and Corsica.
SlavsThe Slavs or Slavic people are groups of people who speak Slavic languages. Slavs are geographically distributed throughout regions of Eurasia; they predominantly inhabit Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Southeastern Europe, and Northern Asia, though there is a large Slavic minority scattered across the Baltic states and Central Asia, and a substantial Slavic diaspora in the Americas, Western Europe, and Northern Europe.
Banu TamimThe Banū Tamīm (Arabic: بَنُو تَمِيم) is an Arab tribe that originated in Najd and Hejaz in the Arabian Peninsula. They are mainly present in Saudi Arabia, Qatar, the UAE, Kuwait, Iraq, Oman, Jordan and Lebanon, and have a strong presence in Algeria, and Morocco, Palestine, Tunisia, and Libya. They are also present in many other parts of the Middle East and North Africa region such as Egypt and Khuzestan in Iran. The word Tamim in Arabic means strong and solid.
NajdNajd is a historical region of the Arabian Peninsula that includes most of the central region of Saudi Arabia. It is roughly bounded by the Hejaz region to the west, the Nafud desert in al-Jawf to the north, the ad-Dahna Desert in al-Ahsa to the east, and the Rub' al-Khali to the south, though it lacks precise boundaries due to varying geographical and political limits throughout history. Administratively, Najd is divided into three main provinces.
IslamAbrahamic monotheistic religion
Umayyad state of CórdobaToday part ofGibraltar (UK)MoroccoPortugalSpainThe Emirate of Córdoba, and from 929, the Caliphate of Córdoba, was an Arab Islamic state ruled by the Umayyad dynasty from 756 to 1031. Its territory comprised most of the Iberian Peninsula (known to Muslims as al-Andalus), the Balearic Islands, and parts of North Africa, with its capital in Córdoba (at the time Qurṭubah).
Mujahid al-AmiriAbu ʾl-Jaysh Mujāhid ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-ʿĀmirī, surnamed al-Muwaffaḳ (died AD 1044/5 [AH 436]), was the ruler of Dénia and the Balearic Islands from late 1014 (early AH 405) until his death. With the exception of his early and disastrous invasion of Sardinia, his reign was mostly peaceful. His court became a centre of scholarship and literary production and he himself wrote a book about poetry (now lost).
MallorcaMallorca, also spelled Majorca in English, is the largest of Spain's Balearic Islands, and the seventh largest island in the Mediterranean Sea. Its capital, Palma, is also the capital of the autonomous community of the Balearic Islands. The Balearic Islands have been an autonomous region of Spain since 1983. Two smaller islands lie just off the coast of Mallorca: Cabrera (southeast of Palma) and Dragonera (west of Palma). The island's anthem is "La Balanguera".
ArabsEthnic groupArabs (Arabic: عَرَب) are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in West Asia and North Africa. A significant Arab diaspora is present in various parts of the world. Before the spread of Arabic language in the wake of the Arab conquests, "Arab" largely referred to the Semitic inhabitants—both settled and nomadic—of the Arabian Peninsula and the Syrian Desert.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.