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Style sheet (web development)

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A web style sheet is a form of separation of content and presentation for web design in which the markup (i.e., HTML or XHTML) of a webpage contains the page's semantic content and structure, but does not define its visual layout (style). Instead, the style is defined in an external style sheet file using a style sheet language such as CSS or XSLT. This design approach is identified as a "separation" because it largely supersedes the antecedent methodology in which a page's markup defined both style and structure.

Style sheet languageStyle sheet languageA style sheet language, or style language, is a computer language that expresses the presentation of structured documents. One attractive feature of structured documents is that the content can be reused in many contexts and presented in various ways. Different style sheets can be attached to the logical structure to produce different presentations.Separation of content and presentationSeparation of content and presentationSeparation of content and presentation (or separation of content and style) is the separation of concerns design principle as applied to the authoring and presentation of content. Under this principle, visual and design aspects (presentation and style) are separated from the core material and structure (content) of a document.Web browserWeb browserA web browser, often abbreviated as browser, is an application for accessing websites. When a user requests a web page from a particular website, the browser retrieves its files from a web server and then displays the page on the user's screen. Browsers can also display content stored locally on the user's device. Browsers are used on a range of devices, including desktops, laptops, tablets, smartphones, smartwatches, smart televisions and consoles.HTMLHTMLMarkup language for documentsCache (computing)Cache (computing)In computing, a cache ( ) is a hardware or software component that stores data so that future requests for that data can be served faster; the data stored in a cache might be the result of an earlier computation or a copy of data stored elsewhere. A cache hit occurs when the requested data can be found in a cache, while a cache miss occurs when it cannot.Separation of concernsSeparation of concerns (SoC) is a design principle in computer science and software engineering; it holds that a complex problem should be divided into distinct concerns — aspects or issues — that can be analyzed, addressed or managed individually, even when they belong to the same system. This allows focusing on one issue at a time, reducing cognitive load and complexity.XSLTXSLTXSLT (Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations, also XSL(T) or XSL-T), is a domain-specificdeclarative programming language that transforms text into text. It was originally designed for transformingXML documents into other XML documents, or other formats such as HTML for web pages, plain text, or XSL Formatting Objects. These formats can be subsequently converted to formats such as PDF, PostScript, and PNG.XHTMLXHTMLExtensible HyperText Markup Language (XHTML) is part of the family of XMLmarkup languages which mirrors or extends versions of the widely used HyperText Markup Language (HTML), the language in which Web pages are formulated. While HTML, prior to HTML5, was defined as an application of Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML), a flexible markup language framework, XHTML is an application of XML, a more restrictive subset of SGML.Web designWeb design encompasses many different skills and disciplines in the production and maintenance of websites. The different areas of web design include web graphic design; user interface design (UI design); authoring, including standardised code and proprietary software; user experience design (UX design); and search engine optimization. Often, many individuals will work in teams covering different aspects of the design process, although some designers will cover them all.Web pageWeb pageA web page, or webpage, sometimes contextually shortened to just page, is a document, typically published on the Web, and normally viewed using a web browser, which consists of hypertext and often additional components such as scripts and graphics. Since an author may publish one or more related web pages together in a website, the terms website and web page form a metaphor for paper pages bound together into a book.Markup languageMarkup languageA markup language is a text-encoding system which specifies the structure and formatting of a document and potentially the relationships among its parts. Markup can control the display of a document or enrich its content to facilitate automated processing. A markup language is a set of rules governing what markup information may be included in a document and how it is combined with the content of the document in a way to facilitate use by humans and computer programs.CSSCSSStyle sheet languageCascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used for specifying the presentation and styling of a document written in a markup language, such as HTML or XML (including XML dialects such as SVG, MathML, or XHTML). CSS is a cornerstone technology of the World Wide Web, alongside HTML and JavaScript. CSS is designed to enable the separation of content and presentation, including layout, colors, and fonts.

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