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Coup d'étatDeposition of a governmentGeneral Napoleon Bonaparte during the Coup of 18 Brumaire in Saint-Cloud, detail of painting by François Bouchot, 1840A coup d'état ( ; French:; lit. 'stroke of state'), or simply a coup, is typically an illegal and overt attempt by a military organization or other government elites to unseat an incumbent person or leadership.State capacityState capacity is the ability of a government to accomplish policy goals, either generally or in reference to specific aims. More narrowly, state capacity often refers to the ability of a state to collect taxes, enforce law and order, and provide services to the public. A state that lacks capacity is defined as a fragile state or, in a more extreme case, a failed state.
Civil societyCivil society can be understood as the "third sector" of society, distinct from government and business, and including the family and the private sphere. By other authors, civil society is used in the sense of (1) the aggregate of non-governmental organizations and institutions that advance the interests and will of citizens or (2) individuals and organizations in a society which are independent of the government.
Sovereign stateA sovereign state is a state that has sovereignty, that is, the highest authority over a territory. It is commonly understood that a sovereign state is independent. When referring to a specific polity, the term "country" may also refer to a constituent country, or a dependent territory. A sovereign state is required to have a permanent population, defined territory, a government not under the control of another, and the capacity to interact with other sovereign states.
Monopoly on violenceIn political philosophy, a monopoly on violence or monopoly on the legal use of force is the property of a polity that is the only entity in its jurisdiction to legitimately use force, and thus the supreme authority of that area.
Informal economyEconomic activity unregulated by governmentShare in informal employmentBlack market sellers offer watches for sale to US soldiers in Baghdad in 2004.A haircut being given on a sidewalk in VietnamAn informal economy (informal sector or grey economy) is the part of any economy that is neither taxed nor monitored by any form of government.
Provisional governmentEmergency governmental authority
Great powerNation that has great political, social, and economic influence on a global scale Great powers are recognized in several international structures, including the United Nations Security Council.
RebellionViolent resistance against government Rebellion is an uprising that resists and is organized against one's government. A rebel is a person who engages in a rebellion. A rebel group is a consciously coordinated group that seeks to gain political control over an entire state or a portion of a state. A rebellion is often caused by political, religious, or social grievances that originate from a perceived inequality or marginalization.
Regulatory economicsRegulatory economics is the application of law by government or regulatory agencies for various economic purposes, including remedying market failure and protecting the environment. Regulation is generally defined as legislation imposed by a government on individuals and private sector firms in order to regulate and modify economic behaviors.
TaxCompulsory contribution to state revenue*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.