Johannes StarkJohannes Stark (German:; 15 April 1874 – 21 June 1957) was a German physicist who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1919 for his discovery of the Stark effect. A supporter of Adolf Hitler from 1924, Stark was one of the main figures, along with fellow Nobel laureate Philipp Lenard, in the antisemitic Deutsche Physik movement, which sought to remove Jewish physicists from German institutions.
Fine structureIn atomic physics, the fine structure describes the splitting of the spectral lines of atoms due to electron spin and relativistic corrections to the non-relativistic Schrödinger equation. It was first measured precisely for the hydrogen atom by Albert A. Michelson and Edward W. Morley in 1887. The explanation was first given by Niels Bohr in 1914, who suggested that the orbits of electrons in his Bohr model of the atom precessed due to relativistic effects.
Electric fieldPhysical field surrounding an electric chargeAn electric field (sometimes called E-field) is a physical field that surrounds electrically charged particles such as electrons. In classical electromagnetism, the electric field of a single charge (or group of charges) describes their capacity to exert attractive or repulsive forces on another charged object.
Antonino Lo SurdoAntonino Lo Surdo (4 February 1880 in Syracuse – 7 June 1949 in Rome) was an Italian physicist. He was appointed as professor of physics at the Istituto di Fisica in Rome in 1919; upon the death of Orso Mario Corbino in 1937, he became the director. Lo Surdo studied terrestrial physics, including seismology and geophysics; the 1908 Messina earthquake caused the death of his parents and other close relatives, except his brother.
Parity (physics)In physics, a parity transformation (also called parity inversion) is the flip in the sign of onespatialcoordinate.Zeeman effect
Spectral lineA spectral line is a weaker or stronger region in an otherwise uniform and continuous spectrum. It may result from emission or absorption of light in a narrow frequency range, compared with the nearby frequencies. Spectral lines are often used to identify atoms and molecules.Hendrik Lorentz
Woldemar VoigtWoldemar Voigt (German:; 2 September 1850 – 13 December 1919) was a German mathematician and physicist. BiographyVoigt was born in Leipzig, and died in Göttingen. He was a student of Franz Ernst Neumann. Voigt taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen and eventually went on to head the Mathematical Physics Department there. He was succeeded in 1914 by Peter Debye, who took charge of the theoretical department of the Physical Institute.
Magnetic fieldIn magnetism and electromagnetism, magnetic field is a physical property of space that quantifies the magnetic influence at a given location. Magnetic fields deflect moving electric charges (including electric currents) apply torques on magnets to twist them in the direction of the magnetic field attract or repel magnets and magnetic material such as iron induce electric currents in electrically conducting material.
Nobel Prize in PhysicsThe Nobel Prize in Physics is an annual award given by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for those who have made the most outstanding contributions to humankind in the field of physics. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895 and awarded since 1901, the others being the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Peace Prize, and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
Plasma (physics)State of matterTop: Lightning and neon lights are commonplace generators of plasma. Center left: A plasma globe, illustrating some of the more complex plasma phenomena, including filamentation. Center right: A plasma trail from the Space ShuttleAtlantis during re-entry into Earth's atmosphere, as seen from the International Space Station. Bottom left: A fire in a fire pit; fires may produce plasma if hot enough.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.